Key Concepts
What term describes the tendency to persist with a rewarding behavior despite negative consequences?
Addiction
What does the term "preoccupation" refer to in the context of addiction?
A mental focus or obsession with the addictive behavior or substance.
What does SBIRT stand for in addiction treatment?
Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment
What is the primary goal of prevention in addiction?
Reducing risk of developing addictive behaviours.
What is the main premise of the Biopsychosocial model in relation to addiction?
Addiction is a medical condition influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors, requiring integrated treatment.
According to the Biopsychosocial Plus model, what are the five key dimensions to consider in addiction?
Biological, Psychological, Social, Cultural, and Spiritual
How does addiction occur on a continuum rather than as a binary condition?
It exists across varying levels of risk and harm, not simply “present or absent.”
What is the significance of "Hope and Positive Expectancy" in therapy for addiction?
They are key predictors of treatment success, fostering motivation and belief in recovery.
Why is early intervention considered crucial in addressing addictive behaviours?
It reduces the severity, duration, and cost of problems while supporting faster recovery.
Explain the difference between treatment and prevention in the context of addiction.
Prevention focuses on reducing risk; treatment focuses on reducing harm once addiction is present.
What is the DSM-5's classification for substance dependence?
Substance Use Disorder
What role does culture play in the Biopsychosocial Plus approach to understanding addiction?
It is one of the five dimensions, shaping how addiction is experienced, understood, and treated.
Name one of the six features of successful brief treatment according to the FRAMES model.
Feedback, Responsibility, Advice, Menu, Empathy, or Self-Efficacy
List two strategies used in population-wide prevention efforts.
Education and early intervention.
What is meant by "integrative" in the context of the Biopsychosocial Plus approach?
The dimensions (biological, psychological, social, cultural, spiritual) do not exist separately but interact holistically.
Define the concept of "Recovery Capital" in addiction treatment.
The internal and external resources (personal, family/social, cultural) that support and sustain recovery.
Describe the "mind-body connection" and its relevance to addiction.
The recognition that mental and physical health are interconnected, and addiction involves both psychological and physiological processes.
What is the importance of mapping out problem areas and client readiness for change?
It helps tailor interventions to the client’s needs, level of severity, and motivation, improving outcomes.
How does education contribute to addiction prevention?
It builds awareness, reduces stigma, and helps individuals make informed choices to reduce risk.
Why is it important to consider spiritual dimensions in addiction treatment?
Spirituality provides meaning, values, and community support that can strengthen recovery.
Explain how socio-economic factors influence addiction according to the Biopsychosocial Plus model.
They emphasize the impact of socio-structures and macro-societal inequities, including historical and contemporary socio-economic disadvantages, on addiction risk and outcomes.
What are some common psychological factors associated with addictive behaviours?
Preoccupation, compulsive engagement, impaired control, persistent relapse, and craving.
Describe the role of "Living Experience" in addiction treatment interventions.
People with lived experience (PWLE) provide insight, support, and credibility in treatment and recovery.
What are the benefits of addressing addictive behaviours in early adolescence?
Less impact on life, reduced disruption, shorter and less intensive interventions, lower cost, and earlier responsibility for change.
How does the pluralistic nature of the Biopsychosocial Plus model enhance understanding of addiction?
It avoids reducing addiction to a single cause and supports a wide range of intervention approaches.