Hazards
What is an hazard
Anything that can damage human health, property, or the environment
What Act helps restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the Nation’s waters and Eliminate discharge of pollutants to surface water?
What year was the Act?
Clean Water Act
1972
Set standards on six major criteria air pollutants and established the US air quality index
What was the Act and what year was the Act?
Clean Air Act of 1970
What did the 2005 Energy Policy Act do?
(Adminstation Bonus: does not cost points)
Bush
offered tax incentives to Americans who purchased hybrid electric cars and who invested in renewable energy sources to heat / cool their homes and set renewable fuel standard for ethanol-bioconversion
and set research and funding for renewable energy
Top 2 renewable energy sources in the U.S.
Biomass and Hydropower
Define Chemical Hazards and the types: Carcinogen, teratogen, endocrine disruptors, neurotoxin
Hazards caused by chemicals
neurotoxins: impact central nervous system,
carcinogens: A substance that can cause cancer
teratogens: chemical that can due harm to unborn baby
endocrine disruptors: Anything that impacts those organs in production of hormones
Which System of the Clean Water Act requires industries to acquire permits and regulate their point sources of water pollution
The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
What review where Congress agrees to grandfather
existing equipment, or exempt it from new pollution limits, with the stipulation that when they were upgraded or replaced, more stringent rules would apply?
New Source Review of 1977
What was the PACE program? What did it stand for?
Give an example of U.S. state
Property Assessed Clean Energy
Uses city bonds to pay for renewable energy and conservation expenses
Ex:California
What 3 things Describe Vulnerability
adaptability,sentivity, and exposure
Physical Hazards define and give 3 examples
Natural occurring disasters
ex: Tornado, Hurricane, Flood
Total Daily Maximum Load
the amount of pollution that a river or stream can handle before its negative impacts occur to water quality
What were the 6 pollutants under the Clean air Act?
particulates, sulfur dioxides, carbon
monoxides, nitrogen oxides,
tropospheric ozone, and lead
What does OTEC stand for and do?
ocean thermal energy conversion; heat from sun-warmed upper ocean layers used for electricity and desalinization (drinking and irrigation); cool bottom layers used for air conditioning and raising seafood
What is the equation to assess an environmental risk?
Give an example
Hazard x Vulnerability= Risk
Hazard x UV exposure =Skin Cancer
Cultural hazards define and give 3 examples
Hazards caused by human activity
ex:smoking, car accidents, obesity
EPA sets Maximum Levels for water, which is considered a primary standard and legally enforceable with this Act.
What year was the Act and what was it?
Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974
Type of renewable energy that causes the most jobs
Wind
2 concerns of Hydrogen powered cars
Flammability of fuel cells and electric shock
What was the 2005: UN World Conference on Disaster Reduction called?
Hyogo Framework for Action
Biological Hazard and give 3 examples
what is vector?
disease caused by a vector
vector: is a living organism that
transmits an infectious agent from an
infected animal to a human or another
animal.
ex: Tuberculosis, measles, Malaria
1)What were the Primary Standards and Secondary Standards of the Safe Drinking Water Act?
2)What was the Maximum Containment level and Maximum Containment Level Goal
Primary: Was legally enforceable and aimed to protect public health by limiting the level of containments in drinking water
Secondary: Was not legally enforceable and involved condiments that caused cosmetic or aesthetic effect
MCL: Was enforceable and was highest level of containment allowed in drinking water
MCLG: Was level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected health risk
Solar power uses and tradeoffs
what does PV stand for
1)Solar heating of water, solar production of photovoltaic cell, solar space heating and location and cost
1)Uses of corn
2) Biodiesel fuel advantage and disadvantage
3)Bioconversion definition and example
1) Livestock feed and Ethanol fuel
2)Reduced CO and CO2 and Increased NOX emissions
3) Conversion of organic matter to energy
example: Forest wood to fuel wood or cow manure to methane
1)Top 2 Leading causes of death in both the developed and developing world.
2)Top cultural hazards in U.S.
3) Top biological hazard in the world
4) What organ does Malaria attack first and What blood cell does it hide in?
1) Developed: Cancer and Cardiovascular
Developing: Communicable Diseases and other
2)Smoking and obesity
3) Tuberculosis
4) Liver and red blood cell