Networking Basics
What is the fundamental structure of the Internet?
The Internet is a network of interconnected computers.
What are the two main versions of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses?
IPV4 and IPV6.
What does the Internet facilitate beyond local neighborhoods?
The Internet facilitates global connectivity.
Whose responsibility is computer security, and why is it emphasized across industries?
Responsibility for computer security extends to everyone, not just specialists, and it is emphasized across industries.
What does ISP stand for and what is it?
Internet service provider, A company that provides a consumer an internet connection
What are the unique identifiers for computers on a network that help route data to its destination?
IP addresses and MAC addresses.
How many bits does an IPV4 address consist of, and why is it limited to less than 4.3 billion addresses?
IPV4 consists of 32 bits, limited due to its 32-bit structure
What term describes devices equipped with internet connectivity for automated tasks, and what are some examples?
Smart Devices; Examples include smart thermostats, fridges, toasters, lights, and cars
What is the increasing target of cybersecurity attacks, and what exemplifies the global impact and financial losses of such attacks?
Increasing cybersecurity attacks target both personal and professional sectors; the WannaCry attack exemplifies global impact and financial losses.
What's a Network stack?
A set of hardware or software that provides the infrastructure for a computer
How is data sent through networks processed, and what are the resulting units?
Data sent through networks is broken down into packets, consisting of binary data.
What does IPV6 address, and what advantage does it offer over IPV4?
IPV6 addresses the limitations of IPV4 with a 128-bit structure, allowing for a significantly larger number of IP addresses.
How does social media amplify global social movements like the Arab Spring protests?
By uniting people worldwide under common causes
What issues are amplified by the internet regarding copyright and intellectual property theft, and how are these issues addressed?
The internet amplifies issues of copyright and intellectual property theft; companies and efforts are dedicated to addressing copyright infringement, and open-source projects demonstrate collaborative solutions to copyright challenges.
What is a Uniform Resource Locator?
a URL, or web address
What types of devices facilitate data transmission and management within networks?
Routers, switches, and hubs.
What tool helps manage IP address scarcity by allowing multiple private IP addresses within a network to share one public IP address?
Network Address Translation (NAT).
How do smart thermostats, fridges, toasters, and lights utilize internet connectivity to enhance functionality?
Smart thermostats adjust settings based on occupancy, smart fridges track food inventory, smart toasters are controllable via smartphones, and smart lights adjust ambiance based on preferences.
What challenge does internet convenience pose to anonymity, and how does it relate to online purchases and simple tasks like dinner reservations?
Internet convenience challenges anonymity; online purchases can lead to data logging and targeted marketing, while simple tasks like dinner reservations require personal information.
What was DARPA?
A US government project in the 1960s that went on to create the earliest version of the Internet that we see today
Through what organization are domain names registered, and what do different domain endings signify?
Domain names are registered through ICANN, and different domain endings signify website types.
How many possible IP addresses does IPV6 offer, and how does it compare to IPV4?
IPV6 offers 2^128 possible IP addresses, showing an enormous difference in scale compared to IPV4.
What are two societal implications associated with increased connectivity of IoT devices?
Cybersecurity concerns and potential intrusion on personal privacy due to data collection by devices.
Which data regulations prioritize citizen privacy protection in the EU, and what regulation oversees online information for children under 13?
EU data regulations prioritize citizen privacy protection; COPPA regulates online information for children under 13.
What does TCP stand for and what does it do?
Transmission Control Protocol, A protocol that handles reliable delivery of information from one network to another