4.1 Conflict in Colonies
Which event was exaggerated and used as propaganda against the British?
The Boston Massacre- British soldiers killed only three colonists after a disagreement in the street
What was the "shot heard round the world" and what was John Parker's role?
John Parker instructed that no patriot should fire unless fire upon. We have no idea who fired that shot that started the battle.
What motto did the Second Continental Congress create?
"out of many, one"- which recognized the union of the new states
Who was the 'typical' soldier? And, what would men try to do to get out of fighting?
The typical soldiers were under 16 with little money and property. The rich men would pay young men to fight for them.
What is the Treaty of Paris?
It recognized the independence of America and set the new borders.
When tax on tea continued, what event occurred?
The Boston Tea Party: Colonists disguised as Native Americans sneaked onto the India Company ships and dumped 340 barrels of tea overboard into the harbor
What was Robert Newman's role in the Ride of Paul Revere, and what did he end up seeing?
Newman had to climb a church and keep a lookout for where the British were coming. He had to shine one lamp for land crossing, and two lamps for river crossing. He saw the British on the river, so he lit two lamps.
When was the United States of America born?
July 4, 1776 with the Declaration of Independence
Who helped us win the war at sea?
The French navy was a huge help to our war at sea!
What is guerrilla warfare and who was most well-known for this strategy?
It was a hit-and-run attack, military strategy most famously done by Francis Marion.
Why were the Intolerable Acts passed, and how did the colonists react?
The Intolerable Acts were passed by the British as a result of the Boston Tea Party, and this led the colonists to get angrier by having more boycotts, protests, and violence.
Who gathered at the First Continental Congress and what was the purpose?
All representatives, except Georgia, met in Philadelphia in order decide what to do about the recent conflict between the British and colonists. They were split between peace and war, so planned for both but wrote the Declaration of Independence to try and get the British king to fix the problems.
Who wrote Common Sense, and what was its overall main idea?
Though it was published anonymously, Thomas Paine wrote the Common Sense and wrote about the brand new idea that citizens should make their own laws (not the king or queen).
What was the importance of the Battle at Saratoga?
This was the turning point of the Revolutionary War, known as the greatest victory for the Americans.
He attacked the British with less than half the men he expected who were all hungry. During the attack, most of his soldiers actually ran away.
What was the 1765 Stamp Act and what happened as a result?
The Stamp Act was the British attempt to place taxes on all paper goods by forcing all colonists to purchase items with a stamp. Protests began immediately and the Sons of Liberty formed.
What was the purpose of the Second Continental Congress?
The British king refused to address any concerns addressed in the Declaration of Independence. The representatives remained split, so they planned for both war and peace again. They created the continental army, and they sent the king the Olive Branch Petition.
After the Declaration of Independence, the colonists were split between two sides. What were they called, and who did they represent?
There were the loyalists (who were still loyal to the British crown) and patriots (who were dedicated to the new birth of America)
What is the importance of the Battle at Trenton?
George Washington attacked the British on Christmas night and captured 900 soldiers. This boosted morale of the colonists and helped him re-enlist soldiers.
The British were not expecting the patriots in the North to be so strong, so they decided to move South to capture the southern states and enlist African American soldiers.
Which act was passed first that started all the conflicts between the British and the colonists? How did the colonists react?
The 1764 Sugar Act where taxes were placed on sugar and molasses. The colonists began to increase the smuggling of goods.
What is the similarity and difference between the Battle at Bunker Hill and the Battle at Dorchester Heights.
The colonists tried to use the two highest points to their advantage. The Battle at Bunker Hill was a tragic victory for the British because the colonists almost one, whereas George Washington used his highest point at Dorchester Heights to force the British to retreat to Canada.
What are the 3 main ideas of the Declaration of Independence?
1) all people possess 'unalienable rights'
2) citizens must give consent to laws and taxes
3) we have the right to break away from Britain
Why is the "Winter at Valley Forge" so memorable?
It was the lowest point of the Revolutionary War for the patriot soldiers who were fighting with no shirts and barely any shoes. Meanwhile, the British lived a life of luxury in Philadelphia.
What is the importance of the Battle of Yorktown?
George Washington led an attack with the french army to corner British commander Cornwallis in Virginia. This was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War that the Patriots won and the British had to surrender Yorktown.