New Science
A view which held incorrectly that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe
Geocentric Theory
document declaring American independence from Britain and the reasons for it
Declaration of Independence
English philosopher, he declared that people have a right to rebel against governments that do not protect their rights
John Locke
The Enlightenment Philosophers: What Was Their Main Idea?
social gatherings for discussing ideas and enjoying art
salons
Idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun
heliocentric theory
First ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which protect citizens' basic rights and freedoms
Bill of Rights
French Philosopher and author who believed in tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech
Voltaire
Document A: John Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government discusses this topic for change during Enlightenment
government/politics
agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government
social contract
logical procedure for gathering information and testing ideas
scientific method
Third President of the United States, author of the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
French political philosopher who explored democratic theories of government; he proposed government divided into three branches and greatly influenced the United States Constitution
Montesquieu
Document B: Voltaire's Letters Concerning the English Nation discusses this topic for change during Enlightenment
Religion
one of a group of social thinkers in France during the Enlightenment
philosophe
Scientific Revolution
System of government in which power is divided between the national and state governments
argued for greater educational opportunities for women and urged women to enter the male-dominated fields of medicine and politics
Mary Wollstonecraft
Document C: Adam Smith's Wealth of Nation discusses this topic for change during Enlightenment
Economics
18th-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific methods to all aspects of society
Enlightenment
Enlightenment belief that God created the universe and then allowed it to run on its own following natural laws
deism
System in which each branch of government checks, or limits, the power of the other two branches
checks and balances
Swiss-French political philosopher; he championed the freedom of the individual and the notion that all people were equal
Rousseau
Document D: Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman discusses this topic for change during Enlightenment
social rights
belief that truth could be found through reason or logical thinking
rationalism