Intracranial Regulation
Name the three components inside the skull that determine intracranial pressure.
Brain tissue, blood, cerebrospinal fluid.
What Latin word does “spirituality” come from, and what does it mean?
“Spirare” – to give life or breath.
Define leadership in nursing.
The process of influencing others toward safe, quality care.
What is the normal range for cardiac output?
4–8 liters per minute.
ACE inhibitors end in what suffix?
“-pril.”
What common actions can increase ICP?
Coughing, sneezing, vomiting, or Valsalva maneuver.
List one difference between spirituality and religion.
Spirituality is personal and individual; religion is organized with shared practices.
What are the “5 rights” of delegation?
Right task, right circumstance, right person, right direction, right supervision.
Define MAP and its importance.
Mean Arterial Pressure – average arterial pressure ensuring organ perfusion.
Beta blockers end in what suffix, and what’s their main action?
“-lol” – they decrease heart rate and blood pressure.
Which tool gives an objective score for level of consciousness?
Glasgow Coma Scale.
What does FICA stand for in spiritual assessment?
Faith, Influence, Community, Address.
Name one QSEN competency directly related to leadership.
Teamwork & Collaboration.
What is the formula for calculating MAP?
SBP + (2 × DBP) / 3.
What electrolyte must be closely monitored with diuretics like furosemide?
Potassium.
What does a positive Babinski reflex in an adult indicate?
Neurological impairment or upper motor neuron damage.
A patient refuses medication for religious reasons. What’s your best first action?
Respect belief and collaborate to find alternatives.
What’s the difference between a formal and informal leader?
Formal = assigned authority; Informal = influence without title.
List one sign of poor tissue perfusion in the lower extremities.
Cool, pale skin or diminished pedal pulses.
What’s the main danger of combining nitrates with erectile dysfunction drugs?
Severe hypotension.
List one key difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Ischemic = blockage; Hemorrhagic = bleeding.
Name one religious group that typically declines blood transfusions.
Jehovah’s Witness.
Describe one effective strategy for resolving team conflict.
Address issues early, communicate respectfully, focus on patient safety.
Identify one key nursing intervention for impaired perfusion.
Monitor vitals, administer oxygen or fluids, elevate extremities.
What is the primary risk when using fibrinolytic therapy?
Severe or internal bleeding.