DNA and the Genetic Code
This molecule carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms.
What is DNA?
This type of cell division results in two identical daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
This is the name given to the physical expression of an organism's genes.
What is phenotype?
This technology transfers desired sperm to the female reproductive tract.
What is artificial insemination?
This term refers to the variety of all living organisms in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
What is biodiversity?
This base pairs with cytosine in DNA.
What is guanine?
This process ensures that gametes contain half the number of chromosomes as somatic cells.
What is meiosis?
Mendel's law of this explains how alleles separate during gamete formation.
What is segregation?
These enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sequences.
What are restriction enzymes?
his is the smallest taxonomic unit used to classify living organisms.
What is a species?
The sequence of these determines the amino acid sequence in a protein.
What are nucleotides?
Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during this stage of meiosis.
What is crossing over?
This type of inheritance occurs when neither allele is dominant, resulting in a blend of traits.
What is incomplete dominance?
The process of introducing foreign DNA into a bacterial cell.
What is transgenics?
The variety of genes within a species population is known as this type of biodiversity.
What is genetic biodiversity?
The process where DNA is copied into mRNA.
What is transcription?
This phase of mitosis involves the chromosomes aligning at the cell’s equator.
What is metaphase?
A chart used to predict the outcome of genetic crosses.
What is a Punnett square?
This term describes organisms that have had foreign DNA inserted into their genome.
What is a transgenic organism?
The combination of available alleles in a population.
What is a gene pool?
This is the name of the three-base sequence on mRNA that codes for a single amino acid.
What is a codon?
This term describes the failure of chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis.
What is nondisjunction?
This phenotypic ratio is characteristic of coodominant crosses of two heterozygotes.
What is 1:2:1?
This technique aims to increase the desired characterisitics in a population by manipulating fertilisation.
What is selective breeding?
This equation can be used to determine the frequency of an allele in a population.
f(G) = (2x GG + Gg) / 2x total population