Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
Name two differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Asexual: offspring is identical, only involves mitosis, offspring forms from one parent, no fusion of gametes
Sexual: offspring is not identical, involves mitosis and meiosis, offspring forms from two parents, fusion of gametes.
BONUS 200
What are the three different types of mammals we looked at?
placental mammals, marsupials, monotremes
How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis and meiosis?
mitosis: 2
meiosis: 4
BONUS 350
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
BONUS 300
What is polypeptide synthesis?
protein making/ making proteins
BONUS 350
Name one advantage for both asexual and sexual reproduction.
AR: Only one parent plant is needed, reproduce quickly, It is more time and energy efficient.
SR: Genetic variation, Greater adaptability in changing conditions, Facilitates the selection of good traits and removes bad traits [natural selection].
BONUS 350
What is fertilisation?
Fusion of two haploid gametes (egg and sperm) to form a diploid zygote cell.
BONUS 200
How many phases of meiosis are there?
2
What is a DNA strand made up of?
Nucleotides
What is the basic building block of proteins?
amino acids
Describe the process of fragmentation.
Small section separates from the parent plant.
What is implantation?
When the embryo [fertilised egg cell] attaches to the uterus wall in preparation of pregnancy.
BONUS 350
Why are there two meiosis phases?
The first phase only separates the chromosomes, the second phase separates the chromatids which is needed for the four daughter cells.
BONUS 200
What does one nucleotide consist of? Draw it.
Phosphate, sugar, base
BONUS 350
Name the three different types of RNA and describe what they do.
mRNA: transcribes a message from DNA
tRNA: transfers amino acids
rRNA: forms a ribosome
What are the three modes of seed/pollen dispersal?
wind, water, animals
What are the four hormones that are essential for pregnancy?
hCG, oestrogen, progesterone, oxytocin
BONUS 300
What does IPMATC stand for?
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
BONUS 300
What are the complementary bases to the following DNA strand:
G C A G C C T A C G A T G G A T T A C G
C G T C G G A T G C T A C C T A A T G C
BONUS 300
What are the complementary RNA bases to the following strand:
A T C C G T A A C A G T G C C G A G T C C A T G G A
U A G G C A U U G U C A C G G C U C A G G U A C C U
BONUS 200
These are the different stages of sexual reproduction for angiosperms: germination, seeds, fertilisation, pollination, fruits, and development.
Place them in order.
pollination, fertilisation, seeds, fruits, germination, development
BONUS 300
What is the role of oestrogen in pregnancy
§promotes growth of breast tissue in preparation for maternal milk production. It is also essential for organ develop for the fetus [including liver, kidneys, and lungs]
What happens in the cytokinesis phase?
The cell pinches in the middle and separates into the daughter cells.
In which direction is a DNA strand read?
5' to 3'
What is a codon chart used for? Tell me what the mRNA codon UCC, AGC, and UAG stand for.
tells you the amino acid that the tRNA will transfer.
UCC: Ser, AGC: Ser, UAG: stop
BONUS 200