Delirium & Dementia
Which type of delirium is characterized by disorganized thinking, delusions, fear, anxiety, & paranoia?
Hyperalert/hyperactive
What does pruritis mean?
What should be avoided with pruritus?
Itching
Avoid HOT baths
Which type of stroke is caused by vascular occlusion that leads to an area in the brain not being properly perfused?
Ischemic
What do we use to assess for delirium?
CAM (confusion assessment method)
List patient teaching for a patient with GERD
*Lose weight
*Avoid tight fitting clothes
*Smoking cessation
*Avoid lying down for at least 2 hours after eating
Your patient just had a stroke and is having difficulty swallowing and breathing. Which part of the brain do you anticipate has been affected by the stroke?
Brain stem
When developing a plan of care for a hospitalized patient with moderate stage dementia, which intervention will the nurse include?
A.) Reminding the patient frequently about being in the hospital
B.) Placing suction at the bedside to decrease the risk for aspiration
C.) Providing complete personal hygiene care for the patient
D.) Repositioning the patient frequently to avoid skin breakdown
A
You are doing discharge teaching for a patient with pruritus, you know your patient requires further teaching when they make which statement...
A.) "I will take cool baths"
B.) "I will apply my topical corticosteroid to my arms and face every night"
C.) "I will avoid wearing my wool sweaters for now"
D.) " I will not scratch my skin"
B
What is the number one modifiable risk factor for stroke?
How can we prevent stroke?
HTN (maintain healthy weight, DASH diet)
Not smoking, eliminating alcohol
exercise
no cocaine/illicit drug use
What are our goals of treatment for Alzheimer's disease?
To slow loss of cognition and memory loss
To promote independence for as long as possible
What dressing would you choose to aid in the healing of a necrotic wound?
A.) Hydrogel
B.) Hydrocolloid
C.) Calcium agonate
D.) Foam
C
What does the acronym FAST stand for?
Face: face drooping
Arms: arm weakness
Speech: difficulty speaking
Time: time to call an ambulance if you notice these signs
A 72-year-old patient hospitalized with pneumonia is disoriented and confused 2 days after admission. Which assessment information obtained by the nurse about the patient indicates that the patient is experiencing delirium rather than dementia?
A.) The patient is disoriented to place and time but oriented to person.
B.) The patient has a history of increasing confusion over several years.
C.) The patient's speech is fragmented and incoherent.
D.) The patient was oriented and alert when admitted.
D
How do we know if the treatment for psoriasis is effective?
Decreased plaque area, less pain, & less itching
What important information do you need to get from your patient prior to the administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)?
What MUST be done before the administration of tPA?
Onset of symptoms
Non-contrast CT or MRI