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The science that studies how characteristics are passed from parent to offspring
Genetics
The general guidance of traits determined by a person’s DNA
Genetic factors
The basic unit of heredity; a section of DNA that contains the code to produce a protein or portion of protein thereby causing a trait
Gene
The condensed threads of chromatin found in nucleus of a cell
Chromosome
Long strands of clusters of DNA and proteins in a nucleus of a cell
Chromatin
One of the two identical copies of a replicated chromosome joined by as centromere
Chromatid
The process for which two identical DNA molecules are produced from one original DNA molecule
DNA replication
The region were two sister chromatids are jointed tightly together
Centromere
A process of asexual reproduction and eukaryotic cells
Mitosis
The backbones of nucleic acids are composed of these
Sugars and phosphates
The time interval between cellular reproductions
Interphase
The process usually following mitosis or meiosis in which the cytoplasm of the cell is divided into two
Cytokinesis
A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs or two sets of chromosomes
Diploid
The process of which a diploid cell forms gametes or haploid cells
Meiosis
The four stages of mitosis in order
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase telophase
Phase of mitosis that the two sister chromosomes are separated
Anaphase
Haploid cells produced by diploid cells for the purpose of sexual reproduction
Gametes
The exchange of jeans between homologous chromosomes
Crossover
A three base sequence in mRNA that codes for the specific amino acid
Codon
The figure produce when the chromosomes of the species during metaphase range according to their homologous pairs
Karyotype
The result of sexual reproduction when each parent contributes half of the being a necessary for the offspring
Zygote
Two homologous chromosomes, consisting of four chromatids, two sister chromatids in each chromosomes
Tetras
In meiosis, one chromosome pair is inherited from mother and the other chromosome from the father
Homologous chromosome pairs
Type of cell that the DNA, central, and other organelles are duplicated and ready to begin mitosis
Parent cell
Type of cell at the end of mitosis with identical genetic information
Daughter cells