Washington's Presidency
What were Washington's set of advisors called?
His cabinet
What political party did Adams belong to?
The Federalist Party
What is Loose Construction?
Flexible interpretation
What are political parties?
Group of people who share political views and ideas.
What was the Federal Judiciary Act do?
Established a federal court system, with the power to reverse decisions.
What was the cause of the Whiskey Rebellion?
An unpopular tax on whiskey led to violence and protests.
What phrase is associated with the XYZ affair?
"Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute!"
What is Strict Construction?
Word for word interpretation
What were the first two political parties?
Federalists and the Democratic-Republican Party
What was the result of Jay's Treaty?
Britain abandons forts and agrees to pay for damages to seized vessels.
What did Washington warn against in his Farewell Address?
Public debt, political parties, and foreign ties.
What were the effects of the Alien and Sedition Acts?
Limited Freedom of Speech and increased citizenship requirements.
Which party was related to Strict Construction, and which was related to Loose Construction?
Strict Construction-Democratic Republicans, Loose Construction- Federalists.
Why did political parties form?
Disagreements over the size and power of the Federal government in relation to the states.
What was the result of Pinckney's Treaty?
Americans could freely travel the Mississippi, use the port of New Orleans, and changed the Florida boundary.
What three precedents did Washington establish during his presidency?
Two-term limit, a presidential cabinet, and a foreign policy of neutrality.
Why were the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions important?
They declared the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional and supported the idea that states could challenge the local government.
Who argued for loose construction, and what was his belief?
Hamilton, believed the elastic clause allowed Congress to make all laws that are necessary and proper.
What did the Federalists believe in?
Strong federal government, and the support of industry and trade.
Name two members of Washington's Cabinet.
Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, Henry Knox, and Samuel Oogood.
What were two challenges Washington faced during his presidency?
Whiskey Rebellion, conflict in the Northwest Territory (Battle of Fallen Timbers), remaining neutral in foreign affairs. (Jay and Pinckney's treaties, Neutrality Proclamation)
Describe the events that became known as the XYZ affair.
U.S. diplomats were met by French agents and were told a treaty would only be signed if U.S. agreed to a bribe.
Who argued for strict construction, and what was his belief?
Thomas Jefferson, who believed the elastic clause should only be used when it is necessary, not when it is merely convenient.
What did the Democratic-Republicans believe in?
Limiting the power of the national government and delegating more power to the states.
Three goals of Hamilton's financial plan?
Assumption of debt, raise money through tariffs, and create a National Bank.