Pleura basics
This is the inner layer of the pleura that is attached directly to the lung surface.
visceral pleura
This is the area where blood vessels, bronchi, and nerves enter and exit the lung.
hilum of the lung
What is pulmonary ventilation (breathing)
This is the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
What is the conducting zone?
This zone of the respiratory system moves air in and out of the lungs but does not participate in gas exchange
What is the terminal bronchiole?
This is the smallest airway of the conducting zone, leading to respiratory bronchioles.
This is the outer layer of the pleura that lines the chest wall.
parietal pleura
Collectively, the hilum and its surrounding structures are called this.
root of the lung
What is the larynx?
The nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, tonsils, and this “voice box” form the upper respiratory tract.
What is the respiratory zone?
This zone is where gas exchange actually occurs between air and blood.
This bronchiole marks the beginning of the respiratory zone and contains alveoli for gas exchange.
respiratory bronchiole
The pleura is a double-layered sac that surrounds each of these organs.
The Lungs
The pleural cavity is located between these two layers.
visceral and parietal pleura
nasal conchae
These curved bones in the nasal cavity increase surface area to warm, humidify, and filter air.
What is the primary (1°) bronchus?
The first branch of the trachea that enters each lung
These tiny air sacs are the primary sites of gas exchange in the lungs.
alveoli
The pleura produce this substance that acts as a lubricant to allow smooth lung movement.
Pleural fluid
The pleural cavity contains this to reduce friction during lung expansion.
pleural fluid
What are paranasal sinuses
These air-filled skull compartments lighten the skull, warm air, and aid in speech resonance.
What are the secondary (2°) bronchi or lobar bronchi?
are the branches of the primary (main) bronchi that enter each lobe of the lungs.
The trachea has C-shaped cartilage rings; this muscle connects the open ends.
trachealis muscle
The pleura help keep the lungs in contact with this structure during breathing.
thoracic wall
Damage to this part of the lung can reduce surface area for gas exchange, seen in emphysema.
alveoli
Most paranasal sinuses drain into this part of the nasal cavity.
What is the middle meatus
What are the tertiary (3°) bronchi or segmental bronchi?
These bronchi are even smaller branches inside each lobe, leading to bronchioles.
These line the trachea and propel mucus upward from the lungs.
cilia