Pt prep & Details
not to eat or drink anything but water for a certain period of time prior to having their blood drawn
fasting - 12 hours
This system consists of a double-pointed needle, a plastic needle holder/adapter, and collection tubes. This is the most commonly used system.
Evacuated System
Yellow top tube or blood culture bottles additives/inversions ? and what is it used for?
Sodium polyanethol sulfonate; prevents blood from clotting and stabilizes bacterial growth- no inversions
used for blood or body fluid cultures
How does the CCMA obtain “clotted blood”?
blood is drawn in a tube that does NOT contain an anticoagulant
The liquid portion of the blood; mainly made of water; contains proteins, electrolytes, gasses, some nutrients, and waste products; is required to recover from injury, distribute nutrients, and remove waste from the body.
plasma
You may have to stop taking this prior to a lab draw as it may alter results
medication
System consists of flexible wings attached to a needle with 5-12 inches of flexible tubing - best method for small or fragile veins
Butterfly System (Winged Infusion Set)
Green tube
Green/Gray Marbled tubes
Green: Heparin: inhibits thrombin formation to prevent clotting
Chemistry Test - 8 inversions
Green/gray Marbled- Lithium heparin and gel; for plasma separation
Chemistry Test - 8 inversions
How does the CCMA obtain “whole blood”
Blood obtained when drawn in a tube that contains an anticoagulant.
Where is the antecubital space located
The inner or front surface of the forearm at the elbow.
How would you position the patient in preparation of a phlebotomy procedure?
Position the patient with their arm extended out. If a phlebotomy chair with an extended arm rest is not available, have the patient make a fist with the opposite hand and place it behind the elbow of the arm being used for the procedure.
This System of drawing blood that can be used to draw blood from a vein however, this method is not ideal because only a small amount of blood can be obtained with this method-16 gauge needle is used
Needle Syringe System
Gray tube
Potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting; fluoride inhibits glycolysis
Chemistry testing, especially glucose and alcohol levels
8-10 inversions
What is best practice when determining how much blood to draw
allow blood to fill the tube until blood flow stops
What extra step is required for vacuum tubes that contain an additive
gentle inversion for mixing of the blood and the additive after they are filled
A catalog of information regarding laboratory tests with up-to-date test menus; testing information; specimen collection requirements; and storage, preservation, and transportation guidelines.
laboratory directory
What are the three layers of blood after the sample has been centrifuged
Plasma (top layer)
Buffy coat (middle layer)
RBC (bottom layer)
Lavender tube
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting
Hematology test - 8 inversions
Red/Gray Marbled tubes
No anticoagulant but contains silica particles to enhance clot formation; use for serum separation
Serum test; chemistry studies; immunology
5 inversions
The liquid portion of the blood obtained after a serum sample tube has clotted and centrifuged.
serum
Before performing a phlebotomy procedure you MUST have this
providers order for lab testing
What could happen if the tubes are shaken or forcefully inverted
hemolysis - destruction of red blood cells
Light Blue
Sodium citrate; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting
Coagulation Tests -3-4 inversions
Why does the light blue top have a “minimum fill” line on it?
It indicates the minimum amount of blood required for accurate test results
What needs to be on a requisition form? (6)
Ordering provider’s name and contact information
Test and test code (unique to each lab, usually on the requisition or in the laboratory reference manual)
Diagnosis code that correlates with the tests being ordered (ICD-10)
Special specimen requirements, such as fasting
Patient demographics
Insurance or other billing information