Levels and Structure
Smallest level of organization
cell
System that absorbs water
root system
Tissue for movement
muscle tissue
Definition of stimulus
change in the surrounding environment
Behavior you are born with
innate behavior
Structure helps determine what?
function
System that performs photosynthesis
shoot system
Tissue for communication
nervous tissue
Cells that carry messages
neurons
Behavior learned over time
learned behavior
Level made of similar cells
tissue
Tissue that moves water
xylem
System that exchanges gases
respiratory system
System that processes information
nervous system
Example of learned behavior
Examples:
• riding a bike
• playing an instrument
• studying
• learning a language
• training a pet
Level made of organs working together
organ system
Tissue that moves sugars
phloem
System that moves nutrients
circulatory system
Maintaining stable conditions
homeostasis
Example of innate behavior
Examples:
• baby crying
• reflexes
• blinking
• birds migrating
Give an example of structure relating to function
• Leaves are flat to capture sunlight
• Muscle cells contract for movement
• Roots are long to absorb water
• Neurons have long extensions to send signals
• Bones are strong for support
What to listen for:
They must explain HOW structure helps the job
Explain why plants need transport systems
Plants need transport systems to move water, nutrients, and sugars to all parts of the plant so it can survive and grow.
Acceptable variations:
• move water from roots to leaves
• distribute sugars made in leaves
• support growth
• maintain function
Explain how two systems work together.
Full answers examples:
Respiratory + circulatory deliver oxygen
Digestive + circulatory distribute nutrients
Muscular + skeletal allow movement
What to listen for:
They must explain interaction, not just name systems
Example of negative feedback
Examples:
• sweating when hot
• shivering when cold
• blood sugar regulation
• body temperature control
Key idea: response reverses change
Why does behavior help survival?
Behavior helps organisms respond to their environment to find food, avoid danger, and reproduce.
Acceptable ideas:
• helps respond to stimuli
• increases survival chances
• helps adapt to environment