Unit 1 Matter & Energy in Living Systems
This is anything that has mass and takes up space, and all living things are made of it
what is matter?
this includes organisms that are of the same kind and can successfully reproduce, resulting in fertile offspring
what is species
the variety of life in Earth's land, freshwater, and marine ecosystems
biodiversity
the breaking of a large contiguous natural habitat into smaller, isolated habitats
habitat fragmentation
this ecosystem has a layer of subsoil that is permanently frozen
tundra
These are the smallest units of a substance that still keep the properties of that substance.
give an example of a biotic resource affecting ecosystems
plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, algae
a change in environmental conditions that causes a change in an ecosystem
the process by which natural habitats are rendered unable to support their native species
habitat destruction
an ecosystem dominated by trees and woody vegetation
forest
Organisms such as plants and algae that use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make their own food.
what are producers?
give an example of an abiotic resource that affects populations
air, water, nutrients, soil, sunlight, rainfall
Name an example of a negative impact on biodiversity caused by humans
habitat destruction, introduced species, overharvested species, lack of biodiversity in food crops
a linear sequence illustrating how energy and nutrients transfer between organisms
food chain
a mixed woodland-grassland ecosystem characterized by widely spaced trees that allow enough sunlight to support layers of grasses
savanna
Fungi, bacteria, and earthworms belong to this group that breaks down dead organisms and recycles matter
what are decomposers?
an animal that captures or eats other animals
what is predator
Name a way that humans try to protect biodiversity
limiting negative impacts, creating nature preserves, wildlife corridors, awareness, seed banks
food web
an arid, water-scarce ecosystem covering roughly 1/3 of Earth's land, less than 10 inches of precipitation an extreme temperature fluctuations
This process uses oxygen to release energy stored in food molecules inside cells.
what is cellular respiration?
the close, long-term relationship between two species within an ecosystem
what is symbiosis
Give an example of a sudden change to an ecosystem
forest fires, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, and floods
a model that shows the flow of energy from one trophic, or feeding, level to the next in an ecosystem
energy pyramid
what is ocean ecosystem