Carbohydrates
How many categories can carbohydrates be divided into and what are they?
Three categories. simple, complex, and sugar alcohols.
What is glycogens purpose?
Storage form for glucose.
Is protein a micronutrient or a macronutrient?
Macronutrient.
What are the two most simple amino acids?
Glycine and alanine.
How is mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) created?
Through the process of transcription.
How many types of carbohydrates are there all together within the three categories?
21 types.
Is glycogen the storage form of carbohydrates for plants or animals?
Animals.
Protein is made up of what?
Amino acids.
What bond is used when individual amino acids join together?
Peptide bond.
What brings in individual amino acids to be bonded together to form a polypeptide?
tRNA
How are carbohydrates produced?
Through photosynthesis
True or false. Glycogen is more highly branched than amylopectin.
True.
Proteins contain which elements?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N)
Each amino acid contains what?
Amino (NH2) and Carboxylic acid (COOH) groups.
What happens to a polypeptide after translation?
It can either fold or gain structure.
How many sugars do complex carbohydrates have?
Oligosaccharides have 3-10 sugars while polysaccharides have more than 10 sugars.
What happens at the multiple ends of glycogens structure?
Enzymes start to cleave off glucose molecules.
Proteins are built from how many amino acids?
20.
What are the different kinds of peptide bonds?
Tripeptide, Oligopeptides, and Polypeptides.
Where in the cell does mRNA originate then move to in order to serve as a template for translation?
It moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
What is the chemical formula for a carbohydrate?
CO2+H2O-->(CH2O)n+O2
What are the branch points of glycogen?
Alpha 1-6 glycosidic bond. Alpha 1-4 linear bonds.
How many structures do proteins have? what are they?
4. Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary.
How many times can amino acids join together?
An infinite amount of times.
What contains the genetic code for mRNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)