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Mod 18: Classical Conditioning
Mod 19: Operant Conditioning
Mod 20: Learning by Observation
People
Misc.
100
A type of learning in which an organism learns to associate stimuli
What is classical conditioning?
100
A stimulus that strengthens behavior it follows; reward for good behavior
What is reinforcement?
100
Neurons that fire when performing observed behaviors or when observing another doing so
What are mirror neurons?
100
Russian scientist who studied classical conditioning using dogs
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
100
A relatively permanent change in an organism's behavior due to experience
What is learning?
200
The reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned stimulus
What is extinction?
200
Reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals
What is a variable interval schedule?
200
Learning by observing others
What is observational learning?
200
This infant was taught to fear white rats by John Watson
Who is "Little Albert"?
200
Learning that certain events occur together
What is associative learning?
300
The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses
What is generalization?
300
A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher
What is operant conditioning?
300
The process of observing and imitating others
What is modeling?
300
Studied operant conditioning by reinforcing animals when they produced a desired behavior
Who is B. F. Skinner?
300
In classical conditioning, the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response
What is spontaneous recovery?
400
The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes
What is behaviorism?
400
Procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior
What is shaping?
400
Positive, constructive, helpful conduct observed from positive role models
What is prosocial behavior?
400
Pioneering researcher of observational learning; conducted an experiment with a Bobo doll
Who is Albert Bandura?
400
DAILY DOUBLE: The learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus
What is discrimination?
500
The initial stage in classical conditioning; where an association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus is made
What is acquisition?
500
Learning that occurs but isn't apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it
What is latent learning?
500
Ability that arises in childhood that enables them to infer another's mental state
What is the theory of mind?
500
Conducted an experiment on "Little Albert", causing him to fear white rats
Who is John Watson?
500
Behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus
What is respondent behavior?