Module 2
How many mL are in 4.5 oz?
135 mL
What is impacted cerumen?
A buildup of wax in the ear canal interfering with sound carried on airwaves
When is insomnia considered a sleep-wake disorder?
If it occurs at least three nights a week for at least three months
What are the complications of an amputation?
Hematoma, hemorrhage, and infection are potential complications in the immediate postoperative period. Potential complications late in the postoperative course include chronic osteomyelitis.
What does SSRI stand for and what do they do?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Inhibitors - Block uptake of neurotransmitter serotonin
What are the six rights of medication administration?
Right patient, right medication, right dosage, right route, right time, right documentation
What is the normal IOP for adults?
10 to 21 mm HG
What is narcolepsy?
The sudden onset of daytime sleep, a short NREM period before the first REM phase, and pathologic manifestations of REM sleep
What is the difference between closed reduction and open reduction?
Closed reduction- the bone is restored to its normal position by external manipulation A bandage, cast, or traction then immobilizes the area. X-rays are taken to ensure correct alignment of the bone. Open reduction- which is performed in the operating room, the bone is surgically exposed and realigned. The client receives a general or spinal anesthetic.
Why do antidepressants have warnings to monitor suicidal thoughts?
Antidepressants can give the patient the motivation to follow through with suicidal thoughts that they may have not had before.
At what angle do you give a subcutaneous injection?
45 degrees
What disease is associated with the changes of fluid volume within the labyrinth of the ear?
Meniere's Disease
What is the onset of disorientation as the sun sets?
What are the three types of casts and a description of all three?
A cylinder cast encircles an arm or leg, leaving the fingers or toes exposed. A body cast is a larger form of a cylinder cast that encircles the trunk from about the nipple line to the iliac crests. A hip spica cast surrounds one or both legs and the trunk. It may be strengthened by a bar that spans a casted area between the legs.
What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?
Excessive thoughts (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors (compulsions)
What are the three routes of administration of medications?
Oral, parenteral, and topical
How is a cataract treated?
It cannot be treated and must be surgically removed.
What is a parasomnia?
Conditions associated with activities that cause arousal or partial arousal, usually during transitions in NREM sleep (i.e. sleepwalking, bed-wetting, and sleep talking)
What does ORIF stand for and what does it mean?
Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), accomplished with wire, nails, plate, and/or an intramedullary rod (a rod inserted into the center of the bone with wires around the bone for stabilization), is done to hold bone fragments in place until bone healing is complete.
What are the characteristics of bipolar disorder?
The individual will experience unusual shifts in moods and exhibit the highest of highs and the lowest of lows simultaneously.
What type of tablet dissolves in the small intestine and is mainly used for gastrointestinal disorders and should also never be crushed?
Enteric-coated capsules
What types of nutritional supplements should be included in a patient's diet to protect them from macular degeneration?
They should include carotenoids, antioxidants, and fatty acids into their foods.
What is the main treatment for seasonal affective disorder?
Phototherapy - a technique for suppressing melatonin by stimulating light receptors in the eye
What are important postoperative instructions for a client recovering from an orthopedic surgery?
Ideally, the client will receive instruction and demonstrations on use of incentive spirometry, deep breathing exercises, use of CPM machine, leg exercises, will be told to withhold use of aspirin prior to surgery, pain control, IV infusions, possible blood transfusions, TED hose, possible oxygen, wound drains. Pt will also have labs monitored for complete blood count, platelets, PT/PTT, to monitor clotting times. Pt will also receive physical therapy and occupational therapy in the post-op period.
What treatment method places the patient in a controlled seizure?
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)