AKI vs. CKD
This kidney condition happens suddenly and may be reversible if treated early.
What is acute kidney injury, or AKI?
These two labs are commonly elevated when kidney function is decreased and waste products build up in the blood.
What are BUN and creatinine?
Clients with kidney disease are commonly taught to limit this seasoning because it can worsen fluid retention and blood pressure.
What is salt / sodium?
This type of dialysis filters the blood through an external machine and is commonly done in an outpatient center.
What is hemodialysis?
This treatment is considered the best treatment option for many clients with ESRD because it can eliminate the need for dialysis.
What is a kidney transplant?
This kidney condition develops slowly over years and is usually irreversible.
What is chronic kidney disease, or CKD?
This electrolyte is dangerous when elevated because it can cause cardiac changes and dysrhythmias.
What is potassium?
A client with CKD should avoid most salt substitutes because many are high in this electrolyte.
What is potassium?
This type of dialysis uses the patient’s peritoneal membrane as the filter and can often be done at home.
This type of dialysis uses the patient’s peritoneal membrane as the filter and can often be done at home.What is peritoneal dialysis?
After a kidney transplant, clients must take these to help prevent organ rejection.
What are immunosuppressive medications?
In the oliguric phase of AKI, urine output is typically less than this amount in 24 hours.
What is less than 400 mL in 24 hours?
A client with CKD has itchy skin and a high lab value related to dairy, cola drinks, nuts, and processed foods. The nurse should teach the client to limit this nutrient.
What is phosphorus?
A client with CKD who is not on dialysis is usually taught to limit this nutrient to reduce nitrogenous waste buildup.
What is protein?
This dialysis access should be protected by avoiding blood pressures, IVs, and blood draws in that arm.
What is an AV fistula or AV graft?
This type of kidney donor usually allows the surgery to be planned ahead of time and often has better graft survival rates.
What is a living donor?
During this phase of AKI, the patient may produce 1 to 5 liters of urine per day and is at risk for dehydration and electrolyte loss.
What is the diuretic phase?
A client with CKD has fatigue, confusion, deep rapid respirations, pH 7.28, and HCO₃ 15. This lab pattern indicates this acid-base imbalance.
What is metabolic acidosis?
A client with kidney disease should be taught to limit foods like dairy products, cola drinks, nuts, and processed meats. This is meant to lower this mineral.
What is phosphorus?
A client has a dialysis access with no thrill or bruit. This finding may indicate this complication and should be reported.
What is thrombosis?
After a kidney transplant, the nurse’s first priority is maintaining this balance because the new kidney may produce large amounts of urine.
What is fluid and electrolyte balance?
A client with CKD has weight gain, crackles, JVD, oliguria, and hypertension. These findings happen because damaged kidneys cannot properly remove this.
What is excess fluid?
A client with CKD has confusion, nausea, pruritus, metallic taste, BUN 98, creatinine 5.8, and GFR 14. These findings suggest buildup of this in the blood.
What are uremic toxins / waste products?
Before starting dialysis, clients with CKD may restrict protein. After starting this treatment, protein needs often increase to replace losses..
What is dialysis/peritoneal dialysis?
A critically ill client is hypotensive and cannot tolerate rapid fluid removal. This slower, continuous dialysis therapy is most appropriate.
What is CRRT, or continuous renal replacement therapy?
A kidney transplant patient reports fever, tenderness over the transplant site, decreased urine output, and sudden weight gain. The nurse should suspect this complication.
What is transplant rejection?