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DNA
KEY TERMS
DNA REPLICATION
WHO AM I?
CHROMOSOME
100
Sugar, Phosphate, and a Nitrogen Base.
What is a nucleotide.
100
Unwinds parental double helix at replication forks.
What is Helicase.
100
_______, an enzyme that aids in DNA synthesis by "unzipping" the two strands of a DNA helix.
What is DNA helicase
100
My rule: Adenine = Thymine and Guanine = Cytosine
Who is Chargaff
100
The most basic units of DNA packing.
What is nucleosomes
200
Protein which DNA is coiled around.
What are histones
200
A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell.
What is Transformation
200
Which of the following is not a main requirements for DNA replication: Primers, Template, Splicesome, or DNA polymerase.
What is Splicesome
200
We deduced that DNA is a double helix
Who are Watson and Crick
200
Define heterochromatin.
Eukaryotic chromatin that remains highly compacted during interphase and is generally not transcribed.
300
Adenine pairs with ___________ in DNA, but _________ in RNA.
What is Thymine (DNA) and Uracil (RNA).
300
Relieves overwinding strain ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands.
What is Topoisomerase
300
DNA strand splits at what..
What is replication fork
300
Our experiment showed that DNA replication is semiconservative.
Who are Meselson and Stahl
300
Proteins called ______ are responsible for the first level of DNA packing in chromatin
What are histones
400
Backbone of DNA is composed of...
What are sugar and phosphate.
400
Joins 3' end of DNA that replaces primer to rest of leading strand and joins Okazaki fragments of lagging strand.
What is DNA ligase
400
After DNA replication, the two resulting molecules are...
What is identical with each molecule having one new and one old strand.
400
Separated the heat killed pathogenic material into RNA, DNA, and protein
Who is Avery
400
A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell
What is nucleoid
500
4 things that make DNA different than RNA.
1. Deoxyribose (Ribose) 2. Thymine (Uracil) 3. Double strand (single strand) 4. Stays in the nucleus (Goes in the cytoplasm)
500
The two strands of the parental molecule separate and each functions as a template for synthesis of a new complemantary strand.
What is a Semiconservative model.
500
Biologists refer to the process in which only half of the DNA strand is "new" as what?
What is Semiconservative replication
500
In 1950, I reported that the DNA composition varied from one species to another. (Example: 30% DNA in humans is Adenine vs 26% E.Coli is Adenine)
Who is Chargaff
500
The less condensed form of eukaryotic chromatin that is available for transcription.
What is euchromatin