DNA
What does DNA stand for?
A) Deoxyribonucleic Acid
B) Dynamic Nuclear Acid
C) Double Nucleic Acid
D) Deoxyribose Nuclear Atom
A) Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the main function of DNA?
A) Store genetic information
B) Produce energy
C) Break down food
D) Build cell membranes
A) Store genetic information
What is a mutation?
A) A chromosome
B) A new type of cell
C) A protein
D) A change in DNA sequence
D) A change in DNA sequence
What shape does DNA have?
A) Circle
B) Double helix
C) Straight ladder
D) Spiral ribbon
B) Double helix
What kind of information is stored in DNA?
A) Instructions for making energy
B) Instructions for making lipids
C) Instructions for making proteins
D) Instructions for moving cells
C) Instructions for making proteins
Mutations can happen because of:
A) Mistakes during DNA replication
B) Radiation
C) Certain chemicals
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
DNA is made of repeating units called:
A) Carbohydrates
B) Amino acids
C) Nucleotides
D) Fatty acids
C) Nucleotides
Which molecule carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are made?
A) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
B) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
C) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
D) None of the above, since the DNA travels to the ribosome to provide the instructions
B) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Are all mutations harmful?
A) Yes
B) No; some are neutral or even beneficial.
B) No; some are neutral or even beneficial.
Which four bases are found in DNA?
A) A, U, G, C
B) A, T, G, C
C) A, T, U, C
D) A, B, C, D
B) A, T, G, C
Which statement best describes the flow of genetic information ("Central Dogma")?
A) DNA → RNA → Protein
B) Protein → DNA → RNA
C) RNA → DNA → Protein
D) DNA → Protein → RNA
A) DNA → RNA → Protein
Why do cells repair DNA?
A) To make more proteins
B) To keep genetic information accurate
C) To store energy in the form of ATP
D) To digest food
B) To keep genetic information accurate
Which bases pair together?
A) A-G and T-C
B) A-C and T-G
C) A-T and G-C
D) A-A and G-G
C) A-T and G-C
The process of making RNA from DNA is called _______, whereas the process of making a protein from RNA is called _______.
A) Replication; Translation
B) Translation; Transcription
C) Transcription; Translation
D) Mutation; Replication
C) Transcription; Translation
Why is DNA repair important for preventing diseases like cancer?
Why is DNA repair important for preventing diseases like cancer?
A) It prevents harmful mutations from building up.
B) It makes more DNA.
C) It destroys RNA.
D) It increases cell size.
A) It prevents harmful mutations from building up.