DNA
RNA
Protein Synthesis
Mutations
Gene Regulation
100
DNA stands for this
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
100
This sugar is found in RNA
What is ribose sugar?
100
The mRNA codon AUG determine what amino acid
What is Met/Start?
100
This type of point mutation results in the amino acid changing to a premature stop codon
What is a nonsense point mutation?
100
The lac operon helps break down this sugar, often found in milk and other dairy products.
What is lactose?
200
These scientists are credited with determining the structure of DNA
Who are Watson and Crick?
200
This nitrogen base is only found in RNA
What is uracil?
200
The mRNA codon GGA would result in this amino acid being added to the protein chain
What is Gly?
200
The addition or deletions of nucleotide bases that shift the reading frame, or the way the genetic code is broken into three letters are this type of mutation
What are frameshift mutations?
200
If lactose is present in the environment, that means the lac operon is capable of...
What is expressing the lac operon genes and breaking down lactose?
300
This spiral staircase like shape is seen in DNA
What is a double helix?
300
This type of RNA carries the genetic message from the nucleus to the ribosome during transcription
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
300
UGA, UAG, and UAA are all these types of codons, meaning that translation would not continue following their appearance in the protein chain
What are stop codons?
300
Silent point mutations have this affect on the resulting amino acid sequence
What is nothing? They do no change the amino acid sequence?
300
If lactose is not present in the environment, this happens with the lac operon and the lactose
What is repression of the lac operon genes so no lactose is broken down?
400
These are the four nitrogen bases in DNA
What are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine?
400
This type of RNA transfers amino acids into the growing protein chain
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
400
The codon UCG would add this amino acid to the protein chain
What is Ser?
400
This is an example of what chromosomal alteration mutation?
What is translocation?
400
Mutations in this type of gene can lead to formations of tumors that can cause cancer
What are tumor suppressor genes?
500
DNA replication is called this because the newly made DNA molecules are half parent DNA, half newly replicated DNA
What is semi-conservative?
500
This process is reading the nitrogen bases in mRNA one codon at a time to determine amino acids
What is translation?
500
The amino acids that would come from the codons AAA-GAC-CUA
What are Lys-Asp-Leu?
500
The type of chromosomal alteration occurring in the image
What is inversion?
500
Gene expression is regulated by this group of proteins
What are regulatory proteins?