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DNA
REPLICATION
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSLATION
100
What is DNA made up of ?
Nucleotides.
100
In which prime direction does the lagging strand go?
3' -> 5'
100
One of the nitrogenous bases is replaced in RNA, which is it, and what is it replaced with?
Thymine is replaced with Uracil.
100
What are codons?
Groups of three nucleotides.
200
What are the components of nucleotides?
A phosphate group, Deoxyribose, and a Nitrogenous base.
200
What does helicase do?
It splits the DNA strands into two.
200
Which strand is used as the template for RNA?
The lagging strand.
200
What are the nitrogenous bases that are included in start codons?
Adenine, Uracil, Guanine
300
What does Chargraff's rule state?
Cytosine pairs with Guanine, Adenine pairs with Thymine (Always the same number of C as G, and always the same number of A as T.)
300
Where does DNA replication occur?
In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, and cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
300
What happens to the introns during the process ?
They are removed.
300
What are ribosomes?
Structures where polypeptides (or proteins) are built.
400
What are the two different groups of bases, and which do they contain?
Pyrimidines (Cytosine, Thymine), Purines (Adenine, Guanine)
400
What are the chunks of DNA in-between the primers on the lagging strand called?
Okazaki fragments.
400
What splits up the DNA strand?
RNA polymerase.
400
What are the three stages of translation?
Initiation, Elongation, and Termination.
500
What is the difference between pyrimidines and purines?
Pyrimidines are single ring bases, and Purines are double ring bases.
500
What connects the strands of DNA once replication is finished ?
DNA Ligase
500
What are the regions of MRNA that contain the code for proteins called?
Exomes.
500
What are the parts of tRNA?
Amino acid and anticodon