What the Tech
A protein from jellyfish commonly used as a reporter gene
What is GFP?
The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
What is transcription?
This nobel famously said, "“What if I had not taken LSD ever; would I have still invented PCR? I don’t know. I doubt it. I seriously doubt it.”
Who is Kary Mullis?
A technique for DNA sequencing based upon the selective incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA replication
What is Sanger Sequencing?
CRISPR-Cas9 is a defence system developed by bacteria against this ph- foreign invader
What are phage?
A method to detect a specific protein in cell lysate extracts that combines gels and antibodies
What are Western Blots?
This feature of C. elegans allows for easy viewing of its organelles with fluorescent proteins
This individual's DNA X-ray crystallography data enabled a famous pair to decipher the structure of DNA
This individual headed up the NIH during the human genome project, meticulously sequencing DNA using clone-by-clone sequencing
Who is Francis Collins?
This term describes the merged form of Cas9 as a combination between an RNA molecule and a protein
What is a ribonucleoprotein?
A polymerase chain reaction method that utilizes fluorescent dyes to measure DNA amplification levels in real time
What is RT-qPCR?
The process of interpreting RNA into protein
This pair forever transformed our society by discovering the gene editing abilities of CRISPR-Cas9
Who are Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier?
A third-generation method of sequencing by threading DNA through pores embedded in an electrically charged membrane, no synthesis required
What is MinION Sequencing?
This feature is required in the genome at the specific site if Cas9 is to cleave
What is the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM)?
This laboratory technique is used to detect and locate a specific DNA sequence on a chromosome
What is Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)?
The specific process where exogenous genetic material is directly taken up and incorporated by a cell through its cell membrane
What is Transformation?
This individual's work on C. elegans enabled the adoption of the small humble worm as a model organism across the globe
Who is Sydney Brenner?
This search tool finds regions of local similarity between nucleotide and protein sequences.
What is BLAST?
Through this DNA break repair process, a template of interest can be inserted into genomic DNA
What is homology directed repair?
This DNA method assesses gene expression levels of multiple genes in the cell simultaneously
What are DNA microarrays?
This term describes an artificial gene, manipulated in the molecular biology lab to incorporate all appropriate elements critical for gene expression generally derived from a different species
What is a transgene?
This pair discovered gene-silencing, or RNA interference using double stranded RNA
Who are Andrew Fire and Craig Mello?
A second-generation sequencing by synthesis method, where computers capture images of coloured dots and interpret sequences from sequential pictures captured over a period of time
Name the two types of plasmids required to express CRISPR-Cas9 in a eukaryotic cell