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DNA Structure
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Control Mechanisms & Mutation
Biotechnological Tools
100
The structure of DNA is...
A double helix.
100
DNA is composed of one parent strand and one newly synthesized strand
Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?
100
How many amino acids are found in proteins?
20
100
This operon is an example of enzyme induction.
What is Lac Operon?
100
Molecular Scissors for Specifically Cutting DNA
What is Restriction Endonuclease
200
The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA...
Adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.
200
5' to 3' direction
In which direction does DNA always synthesized?
200
What are the 3 stages of transcription?
Initiation, Elongation & Termination
200
Missence and Nonsense mutations are results of this error.
What is substitution?
200
Separates DNA fragments by size in a solid support medium (an agarose gel)
What is Gel Electrophoresis
300
A nucleotide consists of three groups...
Nitrogenous base, phosphate group and a deoxyribose sugar.
300
10-60 RNA Primer bases
How many RNA Primer base are annealed during DNA replication?
300
What are the 3 types of RNA?
Messenger RNA Transfer RNA Ribosomal RNA
300
Its presence activates an activator protein or represses a repressor protein.
What is a signal molecule ?
300
The ability to enter a bacterial cell and replicate. (a vector)
What is a Plasmid
400
Complementary base pairing is...
Pairing of nitrogenous bases from one strand to the other strand. AT and CG.
400
proof reading/error checking
What does polymerase l & lll do at the end of replication?
400
Why does DNA not leave the nucleus? (3 reasons)
1. The DNA can get damaged in the cytoplasm. If it gets damaged the cell will get damaged and the human will no longer live 2. Usually a lot of protein is required, one DNA will produce a little at a time 3. The DNA needs to find a way to somehow come back in the nucleus
400
In this mutation, a stop codon is created where it is not supposed to be.
What is nonsense mutation?
400
Allows researchers to produce millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence in approximately two hours.
What is PCR
500
The glycosyl bond is located... The phosphodiester bond is located...
The glycosyl bond is located at the 1'. The phophodiester bond is located at the 5'.
500
50 per second
At what rate does DNA polymerase lll adds nucleotides in humans?
500
What is the difference between RNA and DNA?
1.RNA contains a ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar 2. All Thymine become Uracil 3. DNA is double stranded. RNA is single stranded
500
They are known as "jumping genes"!
What are transposable elements ?
500
One uses the entire genome, the other takes a day and they both use different mediums
What are the differences between RFLP and PCR