Momentum
What is the formula for momentum?
p=mv
What is the formula for impulse?
Impulse = F × Δt
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
What is an elastic collision?
A collision where both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
What is an inelastic collision?
A collision where momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not.
Momentum is a vector. True or False?
True
Impulse is the change in what quantity?
Impulse is the change in momentum.
In a frictionless system, if an object has potential energy at the top of a hill, what happens to the energy as it moves down?
The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
What is conserved in an elastic collision?
Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
In an inelastic collision, is kinetic energy conserved?
No, kinetic energy is not conserved.
How does momentum change when an object’s mass is doubled?
The momentum also doubles.
A 10 N force acts on a ball for 2 seconds. What is the impulse?
Impulse = F × Δt = 10 N × 2 s = 20 N·s
What happens to the total mechanical energy in a closed system if no external forces are acting?
The total mechanical energy remains constant.
In an elastic collision, what happens to the total kinetic energy?
The total kinetic energy remains the same.
When two objects collide inelastically, what happens to their kinetic energy?
Some of the kinetic energy is transformed into other forms of energy (like heat or sound).
What is the momentum of a 50 kg car moving at 10 m/s?
p = 50 kg × 10 m/s = 500 kg·m/s
How does impulse relate to momentum?
Impulse equals the change in momentum (Δp).
How is kinetic energy calculated?
KE = 1/2 mv²
In a collision between two balls, if ball A has mass 2 kg and ball B has mass 3 kg, and they collide elastically, what remains constant?
Both the total momentum and the total kinetic energy.
If two objects of different masses collide inelastically, what happens to the total momentum?
The total momentum is conserved, but the individual kinetic energies are not.
What is the unit of momentum?
kg·m/s
If a force of 100 N is applied to a baseball for 0.1 seconds, what is the impulse?
Impulse = 100 N × 0.1 s = 10 N·s
In a roller coaster, as the car goes down a hill, what happens to the potential energy?
The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
What is the velocity of an object after an elastic collision if its initial velocity is 5 m/s and it collides with an object of equal mass at rest?
The object will bounce back with a velocity of -5 m/s (same magnitude but opposite direction).
In an inelastic collision, the objects stick together. How does this affect the final velocity?
The final velocity can be found using the conservation of momentum, and the objects move together as a single unit after collision.