Basics of Momentum
Momentum can be most easily described as the product of _____ and _____
Mass and velocity
What is the way to find change in momentum?
mass times change in velocity
What does the law of momentum conservation state must be true about momentum in a system?
All momentum is conserved (as we assume no friction/drag/external forces)
Calculate the net momentum of a 5kg object traveling at 15 m/s.
45 kg*m/s
How many laws of motion did Newton develop?
Three
What is the fundamental formula for momentum? (with proper variables)
p = mv
The formula for impulse shows that what causes a change in momentum?
Force applied over time
What types of collisions perfectly conserve kinetic energy?
Elastic collisions
What is the net impulse imposed upon a ball of an 8 N force is applied over a period of 2 seconds?
16 N*s
What name is given to energy of objects in motion?
Kinetic energy
What physics values is also the same as a change in momentum?
Impulse
What is the formula for the impulse-momentum theorem?
F*delta(t) = m*delta(v)
In an inelastic collision, any momentum lost is due to escaping energy in what most common forms?
Friction/heat or sound
Suppose a 5N force is applied to a 4kg object for 10 seconds. What is the net change in velocity of the object?
12.5 m/s
A change in velocity over time is known as what?
Acceleration
What are the three types of collisions that can occur?
Elastic, inelastic, and perfectly inelastic
According to the impulse-momentum theorem, what must be true about an object if it experiences no change in velocity?
Suppose Ball A moving at 20 m/s collides into Ball B at rest in a perfectly elastic collision. If Ball B is half the mass of Ball A, what would the velocity of Ball B have to equal after the collision?
40 m/s
A 5kg ball traveling at 10 m/s due east collides with an 8 kg ball traveling at 20 m/s due west in a perfectly elastic collision. If the 5kg ball is measured at a velocity of 12 m/s due west after the collision, what must the velocity of the 8kg ball be after collision?
-6.25 m/s
The more friction an object has, its coefficient of friction should be closer to which value?
One
The formula for momentum-impulse theorem is a derivation from which of Newton's laws of motion?
Newton's Second Law (F = ma)
If an impulse acting upon an object causes its momentum to double, what must be true about the velocity of the object?
The object's velocity must also double.
Suppose Ball A collides into Ball B in an inelastic collision so that they stick together after impact. If Ball A is traveling at 100 m/s, and the two masses are equal, what would have to be the velocity of the combined mass after collision?
A 1,600kg car traveling at 25 m/s collides with a 1,200kg car at rest. They lock together in a perfectly inelastic collision. What is the velocity of the combined cars after collision?
14.29 m/s
A change in kinetic energy is affected by which physical quantity?
Work