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Section 5
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Brunky Trivia
100
As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. This is what principle/law?
Bernoulli's principle.
100
As a sample of matter is heated, its particles _____.
Move more quickly.
100
You pour 500 mL of a green material into a 1-L flask and stopper it. The material completely fills the flask. What state of matter is the material. Explain how you know.
The material is a gas because it expanded to occupy all the space available in the container.
100
Why does a closed, empty, 2-L, plastic soft-drink bottle cave in when placed in a freezer?
The air particles in the bottle slow down as the temperature drops. Thus, they collide less with the bottle. The pressure inside the bottle decreases, but the atmospheric pressure remains the same, causing the bottle to decrease in volume.
100
Where was Mr. B born?
Richland, WA
200
Hydraulic machines work by applying what principle/law?
Pascal's principle.
200
The most common state of matter in the universe is _____.
Plasma.
200
In old houses, the window glass is thicker at the bottom of the panes than at the top. What accounts for this thickening?
Glass lacks the rigid crystal structures shown in a crystalline solid. Over time, it flows downward.
200
Labels on cylinders of compressed gases state the highest temperature to which the cylinder may be exposed. Give a reason for this warning.
With increasing temperatures, gas particles move faster, striking the walls of their container more often. The pressure builds up and the cylinder may explore.
200
In what states has Mr. B taught?
Oregon, Michigan, Washington
300
Whether an object will sink or float in a fluid is determined by _____.
The amount of buoyant force.
300
Hot water that is produced by electric power plants and released into rivers and streams causes _____.
Thermal pollution.
300
In terms of particle motion, explain why copper shrinks when it cools?
The particles of copper move more slowly as it cools. Attractive forces then pull them closer together.
300
If you fill up a balloon with air, tie it off, and release it, it will fall to the floor. Why does it fall instead of float?
The air in the balloon is compressed compared to the normal air and thus has a greater density. The weight of the denser air along with the weight of the rubber itself is greater than the buoyant force of the surrounding air. Therefore, the balloon sinks.
300
How long has Mr. B been married?
5 years
400
What effect is demonstrated when reduced air pressure outside of buildings during strong winds cause the windows to be forced out by the higher pressure inside the building?
The Venturi effect.
400
The idea of stating that matter is made up of small particles that are in constant motion is called _____.
The kinetic theory of matter.
400
What happens to the energy put into a liquid during boiling?
The energy is used in overcoming the attractive forces that hold the liquid particles close to one another.
400
Alcohol evaporates more quickly than does water. What can you tell about the forces between the alcohol particles?
The forces between the alcohol particles are probably weaker than those between the water particles.
400
In what year was Mr. B born?
1979
500
How does a steel ship float?
The hull of the ship is shaped in such a way that it displaces enough water to equal the entire weight of the ship, thus causing it to float.
500
The particles that make up a solid move ____ than do particles that make up a gas.
More slowly.
500
When you bounce a basketball on the floor, the air pressure inside the ball increases for a moment. Explain why this increase occurs.
The ball momentarily has smaller volume, resulting in a momentary increase in pressure.
500
Explain how food might get freezer burn. How might you prevent it?
Ice in the food sublimes, drying out the food. This can be prevented by wrapping the food in airtight packaging such as foil or by using heavy plastic containers.
500
Where did Mr. B go as a student missionary?
American Samoa