Metaethics and Theories of Ethics
The philosophical view that moral judgments are real and independent from what people think, believe, and judge to be the case.
What is moral objectivism?
This is a description of Judith Jarvis Thomson's 'famous violinist' case.
What is that there is a violinist attached to you in the middle of the night (you are kidnapped), who will die if you detach. It is ok to detach, she thinks.
This is the attentional commons.
What is the way in which our attention is taken in social situations.
This is a reason why Benatar thinks we should not have children.
Many answers...
The days on which Dr. Boesch will have office hours next week.
What are Tuesday and Wednesday?
The philosophical view that moral judgments depend on our culture.
What is cultural relativism?
This is the definition of active euthanasia.
What is actively bringing about the death of a terminally ill patient?
These are the four features of a cultural jig.
What are:
(1) constrain freedom
(2) Enhance skills
(3) improvisational
(4) subject to tradition
These are three methods for preparing a lobster.
What are (three of:) boiling alive, pre-kill with knife, boiling frog, live dismemberment, and microwaving alive?
This is the effect that learning Heptapod has on Louise.
What is being able to see time non-linearly.
This is the central claim of utilitarianism.
What is that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong in proportion as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness?
This is Tollefsen's argument that we should not allow euthanasia.
What is the view that life is a fundamental/basic good and we should never act intentionally against a basic good (like friendship)
These are two features designed in slot machines to capture our attention.
Several options...
This is Aristotle's definition of friendship.
What is:
(1) Good will towards other
(2) Reciprocal
(3) Living being
This is one of the stages of Jake's becoming more incorporated into nature.
Several answers...
These are the three requirements of a virtue, according to Aristotle.
What is:
(1) Know that it's virtuous
(2) Choose the action for its own sake
(3) Action proceeds from a firm character
This is a description of proportional retributivism.
What is creating a list of crimes and a list of punishments and lining them up.
This is a comparison of negative freedom with positive freedom.
What is negative freedom as being uninfluenced, uncontrolled vs. positive freedom as able to live well, do good.
This is Singer's pond example
What is that you walk by a baby drowning in a pond and have to sacrifice nice shoes to save it, but that you totally would do so.
These are descriptions of the way of nature and the way of grace from Tree of Life.
What is way of nature--selfish, self-oriented, default; way of grace--others oriented, giving, etc.
This is Hobbes' first law of nature.
What is that all people should endeavor towards peace.
This is a description of MacIntyre's notion of "incommensurability".
What is that alternative theories of ethics use notions which cannot be plainly compared (apples to oranges).
These are the three ways in which learning requires submission.
What is to:
(1) the tradition
(2) to the instrument/material
(3) to the teacher
The way in which Socrates learns he is the wisest in Athens.
What is that he hears from the oracle, talks to politicians, poets, and workers (who all think they know stuff they don't). He is wise because he knows what he doesn't know.
These are the three beliefs about work that we see in Office Space.
What are:
(1) Equity (Milton)
(2) Power-Struggle/Anarchy (Peter et al)
(3) Contractual (Joanna)