A
Who was the first king of the Basotho?
Moshoeshoe
In what year did Moshoeshoe establish his kingdom at Thaba Bosiu?
1822
What was the primary system Moshoeshoe used to help impoverished people?
The Mafisa System
What major historical event caused widespread migration and conflict in Southern Africa during Moshoeshoe’s time?
The Mfecane
Which mountain did Moshoeshoe and his followers first settle on?
Butha-Buthe Mountain
Who did Moshoeshoe send tributes to in hopes of maintaining peace?
Shaka Zulu
What was Moshoeshoe’s strategy in dealing with attacks from the Kora and Griqua
He used diplomacy and force, including gifting cattle to attackers.
What was the primary cause of conflict between the Boers and the Sotho in the 1830s?
Disputes over fertile land between the Caledon and Orange Rivers.
What was the significance of the Warden Line in Basotho history?
It marked the division of land favoring the Boers and resulted in loss of land for the Basotho.
How did Moshoeshoe try to modernise his people?
He allowed white missionaries to stay with the Basotho.
In what year did the Orange Free State declare war on the Basotho?
1858.
Why did Moshoeshoe refuse to sign documents or accept gifts from the Boers?
He wanted to avoid any future claims by the Boers that they had purchased land from him.
Which treaty between Moshoeshoe and the British did the Boers object to, causing further tension?
The Napier Treaty
What was the common trade between the Boers and the Sotho?
Guns and gunpowder for cattle and grain.
What was the Bloemfontein Convention, and how did it affect Moshoeshoe?
It recognized the independence of the Boers, increasing tensions between the Boers and the Sotho as Moshoeshoe was not consulted.
What was the Warden Line?
A new set of boundaries that favoured the Boers.
What was the Bloemfontein convention?
An agreement that recognised the Boer's independence.
Who was George Cathcart?
A British general who attacked the Sothos.
What was the outcome of Cathcart's attack on the Basotho?
Moshoeshoe sent a letter asking for peace.
What was the Mafisa system?
Moshoeshoe would lend cattle to impoverished people allowing them to rebuilt their wealth.
Why did Warden lose to the Basotho?
Moshoeshoe used mounted riflemen who were well-trained.
Why did Moshoeshoe ask to become a British Protectorate?
Most of Moshoeshoe's land was overrun by Boers from the Orange Free State and he appealed to the British for protection.
What impact did the Warden Line have on the Sotho?
They lost most of their fertile land, and Moshoeshoe would lose control over thousands of his subjects.
What was the Napier Treaty?
A treaty of friendship which drew boundaries around Moshoeshoe's territory.
Why did the Sotho initially settle at Thaba Bosiu?
This was an area that was difficult to access.