Motion and Forces Part II

Describing Motion

200

The study of motion and forces

dynamics

400

This branch of physics addresses the effects of forces on matter

mechanics

600

The distance an object travels per unit of time

speed

800

v = d/t

the measure of how quickly an object moves

1000

Any change in velocity

AND

The sum of two or more vectors

acceleration; resultant

Forces in Nature

200

An object that hangs from a fixed point and swings back and forth because of gravity

pendulum

400

This type of friction affects a sliding object already in motion

kinetic friction

600

This type of friction affects stationary objects, preventing them from moving

static friction

800

Term for a falling object at which the force of air resistance equals the object's weight and stops the object from accelerating

terminal velocity

1000

F_kf = u_kF_W

the magnitude of kinetic friction force

Quantity of Motion and More

200

p = mv

the momentum of an object

400

The product of an object's mass and velocity

momentum

600

SI unit of power

watt

800

The space relative to which motion is measured

frame of reference

1000

This principle states that the velocity of an object does not change unless the object is acted upon by an external force

Newton's first law of motion

Six Simple Machines

200

This is a sloping surface that allows an object to be raised without being lifted straight up

incline plane

400

This device is considered a circular lever and can be used to multiply distance, speed, or force

wheel and axle

600

This consists of a wheel over which a rope or cable passes

pulley

800

This is a combination of one more fixed pulleys and one or more movable pulleys

block and tackle

1000

This simple machine is classified by the arrangement of the input arm, output arm, and fulcrum

lever

More Simple Machines

200

IMA = 2πr/P

the ideal mechanical advantage of a screw

400

The output distance of a screw

pitch (distance between two adjacent threads)

600

IMA = d_i / d_o

the general formula for mechanical advantage under ideal conditions

800

n = W_o / W_i

the measure of how well a machine converts input into output work

1000

This simple machine is like an inclined plane that modifies the applied force and directs it to the side

AND

This represents any change in an object's position

wedge; displacement