Motion and Machines

TERMS

100

This is the change in an object's position

Motion

200

You need this to determine whether an object has changed position. It is a fixed, unmoving object.

Reference point

300

Stored energy is called ______________.

Potential energy

400

Energy due to motion is called ___________

Kinetic energy

500

This term refers to both the speed and direction of a moving object. It is how far an object moves over an amount of time in a certain direction.

Velocity

Newton's 3 Laws

100

Which law says that an object in motion tends to stay in motion (it tends to stay at the same velocity) unless another force causes it to change?

First Law

200

Which law says that all forces come in pairs, and for every action is an equal and opposite reaction?

3rd law

300

Rockets ascend because of which of Newton's laws of motion?

3rd law

400

This law of motion says that the greater the mass of an object (the heavier it is), the greater the force you need to move it.

2nd law

500

Why do you fly off your bike if you rode it into a concrete barrier? (please don't try this at home!) 

Because of newton's 1st law (an object at motion stays in motion)

Work and Machines

100

Force x _____________ = work

distance

200

Define "machine" (according to physics and the science textbook)

Any object that makes work easier.

300

This machine consists of a wheel and a rod running through the wheel.

Wheel and axle

400

What are the 3 components of every lever?

Resistance force, effort force, fulcrum

500

This machine may be used to lift a heavy object just a little so that a lever can then be used to lift it farther.

Wedge

More Machines

100

A ______________ machine combines two or more simple machines to make work even easier.

Compound

200

An axe, knife blade, or even nails are examples of which simple machine?

Wedge

300

What simple machine makes moving boxes up the steps of your house easier?

Inclined plane

400

This machine is an inclined plane wound around a cylinder or a cone.

Screw

500

Scissors are an example of a compound machine. Which simple machines do you see in scissors?

Wedges (the cutting edges), levers (the blades)

Wild Card

100

What is a force?

A push or a pull

200

This is a force that keeps objects from moving against other objects.

Friction

300

What is the formula to help you calculate distance?

Speed x Time = Distance

400

This term is a change in velocity during a period of time. It can mean an object is going faster or slower, or changes direction.

Acceleration 

500

The resistance to a change in motion is called ________________.

Inertia