Vocabulary
Motion Energy
Energy and Speed
Collision
Research Questions
100
What is energy?
What is needed to do work.
100
What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
Potential: When an object wants to move but cannot, builds up stored energy.
Kinetic: When an object is moving, using motion energy.
100
In general, the more ______ something has, the more energy it has.
Speed
100
What is a force?
A push or a pull that moves an object.
100
Which Variable is the variable that we change on purpose in a science experiment?
The independent variable
200
What is speed?
The rate that an object moves, how quickly or slowly it gets somewhere.
200
When a roller coaster cart is at the top of the hill, but has not rolled down it yet, what kind of energy does it have more of?
Potential
200
Car A is driving at 80 mph and Car B is driving at 32 mph. Which car has more motion energy? Why?
Car A, because it is moving faster and more speed equals more energy.
200
What happens to the kinetic energy of a moving object when it collides with something?
It gets transferred from one object to the other.
200
Which variable in a science experiment changes because we changed something in the independent variable?
Dependent variable
300
What does it mean when energy transfers?
When energy passes from one object to another or one place to another.
300
What happens to the potential energy of an object when it finally starts to move?
The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
300
When a car is moving quickly, what kind of energy does it have more of? Potential or Kinetic?
Kinetic.
300
What two things can change the amount of energy transferred in collision?
Weight and speed.
300
What is the sentence frame for how we state a research question?
"How does (independent variable) affect (dependent variable)?"
400
What is friction?
When two objects rub or slide past each other, resisting motion energy.
400
When does the coaster have the most kinetic energy?
Location B. Once the coaster reaches the bottom of the ramp, all of the potential energy will have converted to kinetic.
400
Ball A rolls down a 10 cm ramp and Ball B rolls down a 30 cm ramp. Which ball will be going the fastest when it reaches the bottom? Why?
Ball B, because it builds up more speed the higher the ramp is.
400
Which of these collisions will transfer more energy? Why?
Car on car, because they weigh more and were most likely moving faster. Both of those increase the energy in the collision.
400
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500
What is collision?
When two or more objects run into each other or hit each other with force.
500
In archery, when does the bow and arrow have the most potential energy?
when the string is pulled all the way back
500
How does the speed of a moving object change during collision?
It slows down or stops.
500
Describe the energy transfer that happens in this collision.
The bat hits the ball with force and transfers kinetic energy into the ball. The ball changes directions and goes flying.
500
Nicole sets up an experiment about collisions. She drops fruits of different weights (a grape, an apple, a watermelon) onto a big piece of glass 20ft below her. She tests to see which fruit impact will crack or break the glass with more force. Using the sentence frame, write what Nicole's Research Question would have been.
How does the weight of the fruit affect the force of the impact on the glass?