Show:
States of Matter
Expansion and Contraction
Diffusion
Motion of Particles
Definitions
100
Increasing the temperature of a solid causes it to change to which phase?
It changes to a liquid
100
Do particles expand and contract?
No! They spread apart or move closer together
100
Diffusion is the spreading of particles from ______________ to __________________.
From high concentration to low concentration
100
What things are moving all the time?
Particles are moving all the time!
100
the process of volume increasing and decreasing with temperature
What is expansion and contraction
200
What happens to the particles in a liquid when it changes to a gas?
the particles are moving fast enough to escape the liquid
200
Volume decreases when what happens to the particles?
then the temperature decreases, they lose energy and they move closer together.
200
Why are particles always moving?
They have energy
200
When the temperature of a substance increases, what happens to the speed of the particles?
The speed increases
200
Name the three states of matter
Solid, liquid, and matter
300
How are liquids and solids alike?
They have a definite volume, they both have less energy than a gas
300
Which phase of matter expands most?
Gases expand most
300
With the perfume example we did in class, where is the high concentration of perfume?
The front of the room. Low concentration was at the back.
300
As temperature decreases, particles lose energy, slow down, and _______________
Particles move closer together
300
What does high concentration mean?
there is a high percentage of particles of one substance in a certain space
400
if a substance is Carbon dioxide, what phase of matter is dry ice?
Solid
400
Name two ways engineers have to fix expansion and contraction in building things?
Rail ways, expansion joints in bridges, expansion takes in hot water pipes, shrink joints, telephone lines
400
Name two ways you could increase the speed of diffusion
stirring, increasing temperature, crushing
400
Name one way we have evidence that particles move
jiggling pollen grains (Brownian Motion), spreading perfume, jiggling fat bubbles in milk
400
Provide an example of something that diffuses
the particles have to be spreading from high to low concentration until they are spread out evenly- orange juice, perfume, smoke
500
What state of matter has particles that are very far apart, moving freely and very fast, that take the shape of their container
a gas
500
why are windows designed to never fit tightly into the frame of the house?
It allows the glass to expand and contract without breaking.
500
If a lake is 95% water and 5% salt, and the ocean is 80% water and 20% salt, where is the high concentration of water?
In the lake.
500
the scientist that observed pollen grains jiggling for no apparent reason
Who is Robert Brown?
500
the definition of diffusion is
particles moving from high concentration to low concentration until they are spread evenly