Top dog
Work performance that is significantly or totally dependent on social issues and job satisfaction is known as
What is the Hawthorne effect?
According to Maslow, managers can focus on improving ________ need/s at any given time in order to improve the working conditions of their employees.
What is one?
Employees who are strongly power-motivated are driven
What is to influence, teach, or encourage others?
In Vroom’s theory, ________ is the individual’s belief that effort will lead to the intended performance goals.
What is valence?
No one likes to be micromanaged, and having some freedom to be the expert is critical to job satisfaction. In the job characteristics model, this is called
What is autonomy?
The Hawthorne studies found that although financial incentives are important drivers of worker productivity,
What is social factors are more important?
What is the purpose of using need-based theories for worker motivation?
What is by making the effort to satisfy employee needs, organizations may ensure a more highly motivated workforce?
Extrinsic motivators (e.g., salary, benefits) are expected, so they ________ motivation when they are missing. Intrinsic motivators (e.g., challenging work, growth potential), ________ motivation when they are available.
What is decrease, increase?
McClelland proposes that those in top management positions generally have a high need
What is for power and a low need for affiliation?
The unique value an individual places on a particular outcome is called:
What is valence?
The Hawthorne studies discovered that:
What is workers are highly responsive to their managers providing additional attention and taking interest in their work?
Maslow’s self-esteem level refers to the
What is normal human desire to be valued and validated by others, through, for example, the recognition of success or status?
Maslow divided human needs into these categories:
What is physiological needs (food and clothing), safety needs (job security), social needs (friendship), self-esteem, and self-actualization?
Alderfer’s “Relatedness” needs have to do with the importance of maintaining interpersonal relationships. These needs are
What is based in social interactions with others such as friendship, family, and sexual intimacy?
ERG theory suggests that individuals who have difficulty satisfying one need may
What is redouble their efforts to fulfill needs in another category?
Maslow would argue that CEOs of companies are generally not motivated by another dollar. They are working for
What is self-esteem needs?
According to Herzberg, management that wishes to reduce dissatisfaction should focus on hygiene factors. This means
What is the job environment—policies, procedures, supervision, working conditions, supervisor quality, and base wage or salary, status, job security, and fringe benefits?
In McClelland’s theory, employees who are strongly achievement-motivated are driven by the desire for
mastery. They prefer working on tasks of moderate difficulty in which outcomes are the result of their effort rather than luck.
Equity theory proposes that people value fair treatment. Accordingly, equity structure in the workplace is based on
What is the ratio of inputs to outcomes?
What methods are used by managers to put motivational theory into practice?
Alderfer’s “Existence” needs concern our basic material requirements for living. These include what Maslow categorized as
What is both physiological needs and safety-related needs?
A computer hardware company is interested in decreasing its sales force turnover as it seems to be higher than the industry average. Management looks at the incentives for the sales force and realizes that it takes, on average, sixty days to close a sale. Currently there is no base salary for the sales force and they are paid only commission on their total sales. Management decides on a blended approach and makes changes to balance salary and commissions carefully to achieve optimum sales volume, profitability, and customer satisfaction. Over the next two quarters, there is no turnover and morale among the sales team is higher. This change in incentives is an application of:
What is reinforcement theory?
Mr. Aroya is a Theory Z manager. He likes to talk about the company philosophy and culture to all employees. He considers employees
Wha is long-term assets that need development?
Using Theory Y, leadership can apply principles of management to improve employee motivation by:
What is having employees participate in goal-setting and the performance appraisal process?
The manager of a clothing store in the mall has hired five new employees for the summer. All of them have just graduated from high school and will only work the three summer months before leaving for college. After the initial week of training, the manager continues to scrutinize and direct them in every detail of their job. Each time they make a mistake they are reprimanded, told their pay may be docked, and reminded that there are always other people who will gladly take their place. This manager is using the approach to management known as:
What is theory x?