Motor Control Theories
Which theory divides the brain into higher, middle, and lower levels of control?
Hierarchical theory
Writing is an example of what theory at work?
Motor programming theory
True or false - Practice and feedback are considered the two most important factors in skill acquisitions?
True
What are the 4 types of feedback?
Intrinsic, Concurrent, terminal and Extrinsic
Name the three stages of motor learning
Cognitive, Associative, and Autonomous
This theory makes the person the explorer of their environment and ties the person to their environment.
Ecological theory
When higher centers are permanently or temporarily interfered with, normal reflexes become exaggerated called pathological reflexes is a concept of what theory?
Hierarchical theory
True or false- Motor learning occurs all at once?
False
Performed in a constantly changing environment that may be unpredictable
Open task
Name the stage where clients begin to detect errors in their performance and can correct them.
Associative
What is a limitation of the reflex theory?
Understanding what is going on in the environment is vital to understanding how movement occurs is a concept of what theory?
Ecological theory
True or false - The therapist may need to structure therapy sessions differently to facilitate learning, it all depends on the clients stage of learning?
True
This is performed in a predictable and stable environment. Movements can be planned in advance
Closed task
The therapist may need to give feedback or additional information when completing tasks at this stage.
Cognitive
Unmasking or sprouting of neural pathways will create new neural pathways with repeated practice over time is what theory?
The OT is strengthening the biceps in a gravity minimized plane. What theory is this?
Systems theory
Feedback _____ the rate of improvement of a new task?
Increases
Permanent changes in behavior seen as a result of practice or experience
Motor Learning
Client’s don’t often reach this stage in motor learning, what stage is this?
Autonomous stage
Examines the internal and external forces acting on the body like gravity or inertia, is what theory?
Systems theory
Which theory of motor control is best?
What are the factors that can interfere with motor learning?
Decreased arousal, pain meds, decreased ability to process sensory info, pain that affects concentration, medical status, fear or anxiety,
Decreased motivation, strength, neuromuscular coordination deficits, cardiopulmonary problems.
This type of practice = rest breaks are greater than the activity time.
Distributed practice
What is the term used when clients perform a single task over and over until they achieve competence in skill? What stage is it used in?
Blocked practice; cognitive stage