Speed, Accuracy, & Timing
The tendency to give up speed for an acceptable levels of accuracy.
What is the Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off?
As opposed to the experimental method, this method focuses on understanding individual differences.
What is Differential Method?
This is not directly observable but is relatively permanent due to practice/experience.
What is Learning?
These stages of learning have a heavy emphasis on how the cognitive processes invested in motor performance change as a function of practice.
What are Fitts' Stages of Leaning?
This type of practice that has been shown to benefit learning involves mentally rehearsing skills to be learned, without actual, overt physical practice.
What is Mental Practice?
This law states that movement time (MT) is based on the ratio of movement amplitude to target size.
What is Fitts' Law?
These can be modified by practice and represent a person's potential to perform particular activities.
What are Skills?
Deliberate attempts to improve performance of a particular skill or action is known as this.
What is Practice?
This feedback ¡s information provided as a natural consequence of making an action.
What is Inherent Feedback?
This type of practice might reduce fatigue.
What is Distributed Practice?
This law state that the variability of movement endpoints (the error) are related to the ratio of movement amplitude to movement time (MT).
What is Schmidt's Law?
Height and visual acuity are an example of this.
What is an Ability?
Improvements in performance does not mean this has occurred.
What is Learning?
There is a degrees of freedom problem in early motor learning. According to Bernstein's stages of learning, this is how it is solved in Stage 1.
What is Freezing/Reducing the Degrees of Freedom?
The increased amounts of error with this type of practice have a beneficial effect on learning and performance for future testing.
What is Variable Practice?
This effect shows that when someone moves first, they move more slowly than when reacting to the other person.
What is the Gunslinger Effect?
This hypothesis assumes there are many separate abilities, abilities are independent of each other, and specific skills and tasks are dependent on a set of abilities.
What is the Specificity Hypothesis?
These tests involve performing the skill in a performance context or situation different from practice.
What is a Transfer Test?
Reducing feedback is typically beneficial for learning. These 2 feedback schedules do this based on time or performance.
What is Faded and Bandwidth Feedback?
This type of variable practice has a high contextual interference.
What is Blocked Practice?
Very forceful movements are somewhat an exception to the speed-accuracy trade-off to some extent. The increased speed reduces these 2 types of error that affect accuracy.
What are spatial and timing errors?
These line graphs that might show progress across practice trials or time often mask individual differences when measuring groups.
What are Performance Curves?
Learning can be assessed with this type of test where a learner practices a skill following an interval of time after practice has ceased then performing that same skill.
What is a Retention Test?
This refers to a specific type of retention deficit due to the loss of an activity set
What is the Warm-Up Decrement?
The learner gains information by watching another’s performance.
What is Observational Learning?