Stages of Motor Learning/ML principles
Initial stage; improving motor performance requires the client consciously attending to the task
What is Cognitive Phase?
What is meaningful?
The strategies and techniques used to teach others how to move.
What is motor learning?
When the amount of time in practice of the skill exceeds the rest period. Also least effective type of practice for generalization.
What is massed practice (aka blocked practice)?
A traditional bottom-up motor approach, Neurodevelopmental Therapy is this color on the traffic light system for motor outcomes for children with cerebral palsy.
What is Red?
The second stage of motor learning which focuses on practice, practice, practice; therapist allows errors to be made keeping in mind frustration tolerance of the client
What is Associative Phase?
Intervention principle that promotes carry-over of motor learning to other contexts.
What is generalization?
The purposefulness of an object
What is affordance?
What is distributed practice?
What is the CO-OP?
The stage motor learning where the motor skill requires very little conscious/cognitive effort; skill has been learned; is automatic
What is Autonomous Phase?
True or False. Whole activity practice is generally a better intervention approach that part practice
What is True?
The resting state of a muscle
What is muscle tone?
The type of practice which learners repeat the skill, but with small refinements/changes; closest to the representation of the actual occupation
What is variable practice (aka random)?
True or False. A child with a GMFCS level V can progress to a Level II with 3x direct therapy services weekly for 1yr
What is False?
In this type of intervention the pediatric client is actively engaged in an activity/task/occupation; green evidence bubble in Novak & Honan, 2019 for motor outcomes for clients with cerebral palsy.
What are task-oriented approaches/goal directed approaches?
True or False. Longer periods of practice are preferable to shorter, frequent practice.
What is False?
All possible planes of motion in the joints controlled by the musculoskeletal systems and the CNS
What is degrees of freedom?
Feedback that gives the client information about HOW they performed the movement
What is Knowledge of Performance (KP)?
A Green Light intervention that is within the scope of OT, for motor outcomes for children with cerebral palsy, according to Novak & Honen, 2020.
What is CIMT? What is Goal-directed training? What is task-specific training? What is OT after Botox?
This approach engages children/adolescents in a verbal problem-solving approach to motor challenges; green intervention for clients with DCD who want to learn motor skills
What is the CO-OP approach?
Open or Closed. Client throwing bean bags through a moving hula hoop suspended by a rope from the ceiling.
What is Open?
One characteristic of developmental coordination disorder (DCD)?
What is clumsiness? What is incoordination? What is slowness in motor performance? What is inaccuracy in motor performance?
Feedback given to the client related to the outcome of the motor skill; should not be given 100% of the time.
What is Knowledge of Results (KR)?
A Yellow+ (probably do it) intervention (within the scope of OT) for improvement in hand function for clients with cerebral palsy?
What is seating? What is AT robotics? What is taping? What is night splinting?