Motor What?
refers to the progression of muscular coordination and the ability to move
motor development
pre-structured sets of motor commands that can be executed without continuous feedback
motor programs
uses sensory feedback (e.g., from muscles, joints, and skin) to make real-time adjustments to movements
feedback control
a system where movements are pre-planned and executed without feedback
open-loop control system
involve the use of large muscle groups and are critical for major body movements
gross motor skills
a complex process that involves the acquisition and refinement of motor skills
motor learning
refers to the information received from the sensory systems within the body as a result of a movement or action
internal feedback
involves anticipatory control where the CNS generates motor commands based on predicted outcomes of movements
feedforward control
a system that uses feedback to adjust movements in real time
closed-loop control system
involve the use of smaller muscles, especially those in the hands and fingers, and are crucial for precise movements
fine motor skills
a broad and multifaceted field that encompasses various concepts and principles related to how the central nervous system organizes and regulates movement
motor control
involves information provided by an external source after a movement or action has been performed
external feedback
awareness of the position and movement of body parts
kinesthesia
refers to the coordinated activation of groups of muscles to produce a particular movement or posture
muscle synergies
the organization of muscles working together smoothly to perform a task
coordination
the body's ability to sense its position, motion, and equilibrium
proprioception
the ability of the motor system to modify and adjust movements in response to changes in the environment or body
adaptation
refers to the process by which sensory information is integrated and used to guide motor actions
sensorimotor integration