Motor Skills and things
(A)Typing on a laptop keyboard
(B)Swimming the freestyle stroke
(C)Walking with crutches
(D)Cross-country skiing
(A)Typing on a laptop keyboard
The interval of time between the moment that a stimulus is presented to when a response is initiated is known as what?
(A) Reaction time
(B) Movement time
(C) Response time
(D) Response orientation
(A) Reaction time
The wind is an example of what type of constraint?
(A) Organismic constraint
(B) Environmental constraint
(C) Task constraint
(D) Internal constraint
(B) Environmental constraint
After the brain develops during a critical period in early childhood, it remains relatively unchangeable with fixed neuronal circuits in adulthood
(A) TRUE
(B) FALSE
(B) FALSE
During gait training a therapist tells a patient not to think about falling. This is
(A) A good idea because the learner will avoid the action leading to performance improvement
(B) a bad idea because falling is a natural part of the learning process
(C) A bad idea as this strategy often leads to ironic effects
(D) B and C only
(C) A bad idea as this strategy often leads to ironic effects
Which of the following is NOT true of learning?
(A) It results in a relatively permanent change in behavior
(B) It is directly observable
(C) It is the result of practice and or experience
(D)All of the above are true
(B) It is directly observable
Which of the following is true of reaction time?
(A) It is a constant
(B) It is dependent on the processing demands imposed by a given situation
(C) It is determined from the moment that a stimulus is presented to when a response is completed
(D) It is indicative of the time to execute a movement
(B) It is dependent on the processing demands imposed by a given situation
Which of the following is NOT considered an invariant feature?
(A) Sequence of actions or components
(B) Relative force
(C) Specification of muscles and or limbs
(D) Relative timing
(C) Specification of muscles and or limbs
Information is taken from the receptors to the CNS by which of the following?
(A) Efferent nerves
(B) Afferent nerves
(C) Descending pathways
(D) The pyramidal pathway
(B) Afferent nerves
The ecological approach views the relationship between perception and action as circular
(A) True
(B) False
(A) True
Which of the following would NOT be considered a motor skill?
(A) Football punt
(B) Knee-jerk reflex
(C) Sewing on a button
(D) Taping someone's ankle
(B) Knee-jerk reflex
Which of the following influences the optimal level of arousal?
(A) Task characteristics
(B) Learner characteristics
(C) Selective attention
(D) A & B only
(D) A & B only
The manipulation of variables within a movement pattern to meet the demands of a given situation is known as
(A) Coordination
(B) Dynamic Interaction
(C) Control
(D) Specificity
(C) Control
Which reflex would occur if an individual were to touch a hot stove?
(A) A monosynaptic reflex
(B) The parachute reflex
(C) The crossed extensor reflex
(D) The withdrawal reflex
(D) The withdrawal reflex
Increased uncertainty leads to delayed or inaccurate responses
(A) True
(B) False
(A) True
According to Gentile's multidimensional classification system, the simplest skill would be one whose
(A) Environmental context is stationary, involves no inter-trial variability or body transport and does not require object manipulation
(B) Environmental context is in motion, involves high inter-trial variability and requires both body transport and object manipulation
(C) Environmental context is in motion, involves high inter-trial variability, requires body transport but does not require object manipulation
(D) Environmental context is stationary, involves high inter-trial variability, requires body transport but does not require object manipulation
(A) Environmental context is stationary, involves no inter-trial variability or body transport and does not require object manipulation
Which of the following is NOT true of response time?
(A) It is determined from the moment that a stimulus is presented to when a response is completed
(B) It is influenced by the number of response choices in a situation
(C) It is the combination of reaction time and movement time
(D) It should not exceed four seconds
(D) It should not exceed four seconds
The process of constraining available degrees of freedom to organize a movement pattern that will effectively achieve the goal of the task is called
(A) Control
(B) Coordination
(C) Dynamic interaction
(D) Specificity
(B) Coordination
_____________ memory contains information about personal experiences and events associated with a specific time and context.
(A) Semantic
(B) Procedural
(C) Episodic
(D) Declarative
(E) B and C only
(C) Episodic
What is the name of the features of the generalized motor program that are flexible and define how to execute the program?
(A) Rate limiters
(B) Constraints
(C) Invariant features
(D) Parameters
(D) Parameters
Reactive agility
(A) is associated with closed skills
(B) is associated with open skills
(C) involves decision making
(D) B and C are true
(D) B and C are true
What are the action possibilities of the environment and task in relation to the perceiver’s own capabilities called?
(A) Stimuli
(B) Information processing
(C) Perception
(D) Affordances
(D) Affordances
Which of the following is NOT considered a parameter?
(A) Muscle selection
(B) Relative timing
(C) Overall force
(D) Overall duration
(B) Relative timing
________ are located in the inner ear and respond to changes in posture and balance.
(A) Golgi tendon organs
(B) Muscle spindles
(C) Joint kinesthetic receptors
(D) The vestibular apparatus
(D) The vestibular apparatus
Number of cues is not an influential factor in attentional demands
(A) True
(B) False
(B) False