Vocab
What was the biggest and most impactful thing that transformed life in America that we discussed during this time period?
BONUS: Pick one team to get skipped or take an extra shot if you can name the person who discovered it in America? Allegedly with a kite and key in a storm.
Electricity
BONUS: Benjamin Franklin
In 1850s in England, man named ____________ developed a process for purifying iron to make it strong, but lightweight steel
Henry Bessemer
What is this describing?:
1894 strike by railroad workers upset by drastic wage cuts.
The strike was led by a socialist but not supported by the American Federation of Labor.
President Grover Cleveland intervened and federal troops forced an end to the strike. The strike highlighted both divisions within labor and the government's new willingness to use armed force to combat work stoppages
BONUS: If you can name the socialist who led the strike you can steal 200 points from another team OR choose 1 team to skipped on their next turn.
Pullman Strike
BONUS: Eugene Debs
The Gilded Age occurred from 18__ - 19__.
1877-1900
_____________: Welcomed unskilled and semiskilled workers, including women, immigrants, and African Americans; goal was to create a cooperative society in which laborers owned the industries in which they worked.
Knights of Labor
__________________: is the process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society into an industrial one.
Industrialization
___________: grant by federal government giving an inventor exclusive right to develop, use and sell an invention for a set period of time
Patent
Time differences made extreme difficulties for planning for timed arrivals
So in 1884, delegates from 27 countries divided the globe into ____________. The railroads adopted this system, which is still in use today
BONUS: How many time zones are there? Steal 200 points from another team OR get 2 extra shots.
Time Zones
Bonus: 24
_____________: is an organization that represents the rights and interests of workers to their employers, for example in order to improve working conditions or wages.
Labor Unions
Who is this describing?:
"Steel King” who integrated every phase of his steel-making operation. He used Ships, railroads, etc. and pioneered "Vertical Integration"
His goal was to improve efficiency by making supplies more reliable controlling the quality of the product at all stages of production and eliminating the middle-man.
Andrew Carnegie
___________: The social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban
Urbanization
_____________: Gaining complete control of a product or service
Monopoly
With the ____________________, it took between 10 and 20 minutes to convert three to five tons of iron into steel — it used to take at least a full day of heating, stirring and reheating to achieve this
Bessemer Process
Founded in 1886, it was a loose alliance of national craft unions that organized skilled workers by craft and worked for objectives such as higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions.
BONUS: If you can name the person who founded it you can swap 1 player OR take 2 extra shots.
American Federation of Labor
BONUS: Samuel Gompers
We talked about 3 big inventors and their inventions. Name 1 of them.
BONUS: Name all 3 and you can steal 1 player to have on your team OR you can get 2 extra shots.
1876: Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone
1880: Thomas Edison and his team invented the light bulb
1896: Guglielmo Marconi invented wireless telegraph
_______________: the process of foreign citizens leaving their homeland to live and work in a different county.
Immigration
_____________: Theory/Theorist who applied Darwin's theory of natural selection to human society, arguing that poorer and weaker segments of society deserved their fate.
Social Darwinism/Darwinist
In economics, this means allowing industry to be free of state intervention, especially restrictions in the form of tariffs and government monopolies.
Laissez-faire
This radical union aimed to unite the American working class into one union to promote labor's interests. It worked to organize unskilled and foreign-born laborers, advocated social revolution and led several major strikes. Stressed solidarity.
Who is this descirbing?:
America’s first billionaire. In 1911, the U.S. Supreme Court found his company in violation of anti-trust laws and ordered it to dissolve
In 1870, he established his oil business, which by the early 1880s controlled some 90 percent of U.S. refineries and pipelines.
Used “Horizontal Integration”
John D Rockefeller
____________ integration: When a company expands its business into different products that are similar to current lines. Used by John D. Rockefeller
BONUS: ___________: Practice where a single entity controls the entire process and factors of production of a product, from the raw materials to distribution, to increase the companies power. Used by Andrew Carnegie
Take 2 extra shots OR swap 1 player on your team with another player
Horizontal
BONUS: Vertical
__________: An economic method that had other companies assigns their stocks to the board of trust who would manage them. This made the head of the board, or the corporate leader wealthy, and at the same time killed off competitors not in the trust.
Trust
America's leading black labor leader who called for a march on Washington D.C. to protest factories' refusals to hire African Americans, which eventually led to President Roosevelt issuing an order to end all discrimination in the defense industries.
A. Phillip Randolph
What is this describing?:
On May 4, 1886, a demonstration in Chicago to protest the slayings of two workers during a strike turned into a violent riot after a bomb explosion killed seven policemen.
BONUS: Although the bomb thrower was never found, the incident was blamed on labor "radicalism" and resulted in public condemnation to the demise of the _____________________.
Steal 1 player OR take 2 extra shots
Haymarket Square Riot
BONUS: Knights of Labor
In 1882, an average of 675 laborers were killed in work-related accidents each week.
______ percent of the boys and _____ percent of the girls were under age 15—some as young as five years old—also held full-time jobs.
With little time or energy left for school, child laborers forfeited their futures to help their families make ends meet
20;10