Philosophy
Pursuit of wisdom.
What is Philosophy?
The belief that kings receive power from God and are responsible only to God.
What is the Divine Right of Kings?
A systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence.
What is the Scientific Method?
Intellectuals of the Enlightenment.
Who were Philosophes?
Legislative, Judicial, Executive.
What are the 3 Branches of Government?
To question everything and engage in critical thinking.
What was the goal of philosophy?
A political system in which a ruler holds total power. A government determined solely by the ruler.
What is Absolutism or Absolute Monarchy?
The belief that the earth was the center of the known universe.
What was Geocentric?
What are natural rights?
Called for a separation of powers in government.
Who was Montesquieu?
A method of instruction that consists of asking a series of questions repeatedly.
What is the Socratic Method?
"L'état c'est moi", "The Sun King"
Who was Louis XIV?
Who was Galileo?
Famously claimed humans have the rights to, "Life, Liberty and Property (Land)."
Who was John Locke?
Author of the Social Contract.
Who was Rousseau?
Often consider the first European University or College.
What was Plato's Academy?
English monarch that broke with the Catholic Church in order to receive a divorce.
Who was Henry VIII?
Proposed the theory that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe.
Who was Copernicus?
The belief that religion should not play a role in government, education, or other public parts of society.
What is Secularism?
Inspired the first amendment in the Bill of Rights.
Who was Voltaire?
The idea that human beings prefer known and familiar concepts, rather than unknown and unfamiliar ones that challenge their point of view.
What is the Allegory of the Cave?
Government body in England that limited the power of the monarchy.
What was Parliament?
Proposed the theory of empiricism, that knowledge is achieved through observation.
Who was Bacon?
A society agrees to be governed by general will, give up some of their rights in exchange for protection, and if the government acts against the general will of the people it should be overthrown and replaced.
What is the Social Contract?
Inspired the American Revolution and the founding of the American Government.
What was the Enlightenment?