Divisions of the Nervous System
The Brain – Major Parts and Functions
Brainstem, Neurons, and CNS Components
The Spinal Cord
Reflexes and Automatic Body Functions
50
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
The Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
50
What is the body’s “command center” that controls thinking, movement, and automatic functions?
The nervous system.
50
Which part of the brain controls automatic functions such as heartbeat and digestion?
The brainstem.
50
How many vertebrae does the human spine have?
33 vertebrae.
50
What is a reflex, and can you give an example?
A reflex is an automatic response to a stimulus. For example, pulling your hand away from a hot surface.
75
Which two organs make up the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
The brain and the spinal cord.
75
What is the largest part of the brain called?
The cerebrum
75
What are neurons, and why are they important?
Neurons are specialized nerve cells that send messages throughout the body, allowing communication between the brain and other body parts.
75
What damage can result if a spinal cord is cut at any level?
Paralysis of the affected area of the body.
75
Why is the spinal cord compared to a ‘telephone line’?
Because it quickly sends messages between the brain and the rest of the body
100
What is the main function of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
It carries signals between the CNS and the rest of the body
100
Name the two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
The left hemisphere and the right hemisphere.
100
About how much does the average human brain weigh?
About 3 pounds (1.4 kg).
100
Which spinal cord region controls movement and sensation in the legs and feet?
The lumbar region.
100
Name one way you can protect your spinal cord from injury.
Wearing a helmet
practicing good posture,
avoiding improper lifting techniques,
prevent falls from a high position
125
Which division of the PNS controls voluntary movements, such as walking?
The Somatic Nervous System (SNS).
125
What part of the brain helps with balance, movement, and coordination?
The cerebellum.
125
Why the brain is called "the control center" of the body?
Because it controls all body functions.
125
Which spinal cord region controls movement and feeling in the neck, arms, and hands?
The cervical region.
125
How fast can the spinal cord send messages?
Up to 268 miles per hour.
150
Which division of the PNS handles automatic functions like breathing?
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).
150
Which hemisphere is associated with creativity, music, and art?
The right hemisphere
150
Which part of the brain ensures you don’t fall over when running or riding a bike?
The cerebellum.
150
Name the four regions of the spinal cord from top to bottom.
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral.
150
What connects the brain to the spinal cord?
The brainstem
175
Name the two divisions of the PNS.
The Somatic Nervous System (SNS) and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).
175
Which hemisphere is mainly involved in logic, math, and language?
The left hemisphere.
175
Which structure connects the brain to the rest of the body and is protected by the spine?
The spinal cord.
175
Which spinal cord region involves the bladder and bowel?
The sacral region.
175
What term is used for body functions that happen without conscious thought (e.g., breathing)?
Automatic functions.
200
Name the red-colored part.
The Central Nervous system
200
Name the orange-colored part.
The (entire) nervous system of the body.
200
Name the yellow-colored part
The cerebellum
200
The frontal lobe is the (color).
The red part is the Frontal lobe.
200
The Temporal lobe is the (color)
Blue