Show:
Vocab
You're "On Your Own"
"Core"-us
Shake, Rattle & Roll
The Lithosphere
100
This is a type of rock which is formed when chemical reactions cement sediments together, hardening them.
What is SEDIMENTARY ROCK
100
Sound travels best through which of these: a) air b) water c) wind d) a piece of string
What is a piece of string
100
This is the core's principal ingredient...
What is IRON.
100
This is the study of earthquakes...
What is SEISMOLOGY.
100
The crust and upper layers of the mantle form the lithosphere, and directly below that is the asthenosphere where THIS TYPE of rock is found, named because it behaves like something between a liquid and a solid. Name this rock.
What is LIQUID ROCK.
200
The boundary between 2 sections of rock that can move relative to one another.
What is the FAULT
200
Suppose you were able to remove a sample of the plastic rock from the asthenosphere and take it into a laboratory. We know it would NOT behave differently than a rock sample you took from the earth's crust. Why? (Hint: It's because 2 things disappeared once you removed the rock from the mantle.)
What is HEAT and PRESSURE.
200
Fill in the blanks: In the OUTER core, the iron is a _____ (solid, liquid, gas), and in the INNER core it's a _____ (solid, liquid, gas).
What is Outer - LIQUID Inner - SOLID
200
Many of our observations of earthquakes, mountains & volcanoes seems to support the theory of ________ ______. There are deep trenches at the bottom of oceans, the characteristics of which are well described this theory. (Most geologists believe this theory is correct.)
What is PLATE TECTONICS.
200
This type of mountain is formed by magma that does NOT leave the mantle.
What is a DOMED MOUNTAIN.
300
This is rock that forms from molten rock.
What is IGNEOUS ROCK.
300
Considering these 3 types of rock (sedimentary, metamorphic & igneous), which one would be MORE LIKELY to be found deep in the crust? *more likely* *more likely* *more likely*
What is METAMORPHIC ROCK. The deeper the rock is in the crust, the more weight presses down on it & the more pressure it experiences! Keep in mind, however, that metamorphic rock doesn't HAVE to be DEEP in the crust; there are many ways to get a high pressure situation!
300
Electrical currents in earth's core are responsible for earth's _____________ _________________, the strength of which has been decreasing for the past 170 years.
What is MAGNETIC FIELD.
300
Name these 2 terms: 1. the point where an earthquake begins 2. the point on the surface of the earth directly above where the earthquake begins
What is 1--focus, 2--epicenter
300
This type of mountain is formed by lava leaking up through the Crust from the Mantle.
What is VOLCANIC MOUNTAIN.
400
The point on the surface of the earth directly above an earthquake's focus.
What is the EPICENTER.
400
Which kinds of mountains are formed as the result of rock masses moving against each other? a) Domed and Folded Mountains b) Fault-block and Folded Mountains c) Domed and Volcanic Mountains d) Volcanic & Fault-Block Mountains e) None of the above
What are Fault-block and Folded Mountains (b).
400
The earth is typically divided into 5 regions. Name them: --- memory tool: "All Horses Can Munch Corn."
What are: atmosphere - hydrosphere - crust - mantle - core
400
This is the most successful theory regarding fault-related earthquakes. In this theory, as rock masses on a fault try to move relative to each other, they get caught up on one another. As a result, they bend. Eventually, the rock masses break free of each other and they return to their normal shape. NAME THIS THEORY.
What is ELASTIC REBOUND THEORY.
400
Fill in the blank... The earth's magnetic field deflects the vast majority of __________ RAYS that come from the sun. Without such protection, life would cease to exist as a result of the ENERGY of these particles!
What are COSMIC RAYS.
500
The point where an earthquake begins.
What is the FOCUS.
500
A seismologist is studying a region near a fault. She measures two earthquakes. One measures 2 on the Richter scale and the next measures 5. How many times more energy does the second earthquake release as compared to the first?
What is 32 x 32 x 32, which equals 32,768 times more energy than the one that measured two. How'd I get that?...On Richter's scale, a unit corresponds to a 32-times increase in energy...so subtracting...5 - 2 = 3... then multiply 32 by itself three times! easy?
500
There are basically 2 views of how the electrical currents in the core originated. Name the 2 theories:
What are the DYNAMO THEORY and RAPID-DECAY THEORY; For an extra 500 points, briefly explain both theories...
500
What is the main thing scientists observe in order to learn about the makeup of the earth's interior?
What are SEISMIC WAVES or SOUND WAVES or WAVES. (any of these is fine...)
500
The Mohorovicic (or Moho) discontinuity... a) predicts that reversals in the earth's magnetic field should happen slowly; b) provides scientists with a lot of data regarding cloud cover and the types of clouds currently forming in the atmosphere; c) is a theory which relies on the idea that the earth's lithosphere is fractured and broken; d) is a boundary between the inner and outer core and is mostly molten iron; e) marks the boundary between the earth's crust and the beginning of the earth's mantle.
What is (e). The Moho separates the crust from the mantle!