an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest. A clue
What is an artifact?
100
-four different civilizations
-located around major rivers to allow them to be successful
What are the River Valley Civilizations?
100
-Led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire
-The minting of new coins to maintain the money supply without equal amounts of money coming into the system.
What is inflation?
100
-Ultimate goal: take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims.
What are the Crusades?
100
the most sacred text of Judaism
What is the Torah?
200
The transition from a lifestyle of hunter-gathering to farming. Could be due to religious reasons, or the end of an ice age
What is the Neolithic Revolution?
200
-Civilization we know the least about
-Could have ended as a result of famine, warfare, natural disaster, etc.
What is the Indus River Valley? (Ancient India)
200
-Name eventually given to the Eastern Roman Empire as it morphed from outside sources
What is the Byzantine Empire?
200
family was the most influential in the expansion of the Franks, especially with the rise of Charlemagne to power.
Who are the Carolingians?
200
-believed that God blessed Ali’s descendants because they were Muhammad’s true heirs
What are Shia Muslims?
300
The process by which countries are linked to each other through trade and culture
What is globalization?
300
-This group of people turned specifically to sea trade for success.
-Did not have suitable resources for farming.
Who are the Phoenicians?
300
“I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble”
Who is Augustus Caesar?
300
Some people practiced this early form of chemistry because they became convinced they would be able to transform lead into gold.
What is alchemy?
300
-helped to attract non-Jews to Christianity by
Who is Paul of Tarsus?
400
the use or threat of violence to cause fear and advance political, religious, or ideological goals
What is terrorism?
400
-leader under which ancient Egypt became monotheistic
Who is Akhenaten?
400
An alliance headed by Athens that says Greek city-states will come together and help fight if necessary
What is the Delian League?
400
-System organized of a king, lords, vassals, and fiefs given in exchange for services.
-Adopted to defend themselves against constant raids and invasions.
What is the feudal system?
400
-Teach that everyone suffers from the desire for material things, but overcoming these desires will bring suffering to an end.
What are the Four Noble Truths?
500
-The period before approx. 3,000 BC
-Writing of history did not exist before this time
What is prehistory?
500
-Used by the Zhou dynasty to convince those skeptical that God put them in power because their previous rulers had become corrupt.
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
500
This leader set the stage for Athenian democracy by breaking up the power of noble families.
Who is Clesthines?
500
-paved the way for modern democracy
What is the Magna Carta?
500
-Hindus believe this is released from the body at death and later reborn in another body in a process called