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Vocabulary
Atomic Structure
The Periodic Table
Elements
Atomic bonding
100
The smallest unit of matter
What is an atom
100
The is the "core" in the center of an atom
What is the nucleus
100
Horizontal rows in the periodic table are called this
What are periods
100
An element in group 17 would have this many valence electrons
What is 7
100
when one atom takes an electron from another, this type of bond is formed
What is ionic
200
When an atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes one of these
What is an ion
200
These two sub-atomic particles make up the nucleus
What are protons and neutrons
200
Vertical columns in the periodic table are called this
What are "groups" (or "families")
200
The group that alkali metals are in
What is group 1
200
when atoms share valence electrons, this type of bond occurs
What is a covalent bond
300
A variation of an atom; it has more or less neutrons than it has protons.
What is an isotope
300
The sub-atomic particles that circle the nucleus
What are electrons
300
Elements are listed on the periodic table in this order
What is by atomic number (also accept "number of protons")
300
The name for group 18
What is the noble ("inert") gasses
300
Why group 18 elements do not bond with other elements
Why is because they have full valences
400
when elements combine, they can create these
What are compounds (also accept "molecules")
400
Most of an atom is this
What is empty space
400
On the periodic table, each element is listed in its own box. That box lists these four bits of information about the element
What are: The element's name, the element's symbol. the element's average mass (weight), and the element's atomic number (number of protons)
400
The symbol for gold
What is Au
400
halogen gasses frequently bond with this type of metal
What are alkali metals (Halogens are group 17; alkali metals are group 1)
500
An ion with a positive charge
What is a cation
500
The outermost energy level ("shell") of an atom
What is the valence
500
The atomic number of the last element found naturally on earth; elements with atomic numbers higher than this are human-made
What is 92
500
An element in period 4 has this many energy layers ("shells")
What is 4
500
The first energy shell can hold two electrons. After that, most shells can hold this many electrons
What is 8