Ms Quiz 2 Part 2

A

100

What is H Pylori and name 1 way to prevent recurrent infection

H Pylori = common bacterial infection that infects the lining of the stomach and the upper small intestines

Prevention:

• Wash hands thoroughly after using the bathroom and before eating or preparing food.
• Avoid sharing utensils, cups, or toothbrushes.
• Drink clean, safe water and eat well-cooked food 
• Don’t smoke or overuse NSAIDs (like ibuprofen), which can worsen stomach lining damage.
• Limit alcohol and spicy or acidic foods if they trigger symptoms

200

2 s/s with COPD

Barrel Chest
Dyspnea at rest
Chronic cough with sputum
Wheezing
Chest tightness
Fatigue

300

Name 3 risk factors for asthma

Obesity
Smoking/2nd hand smoke
Air pollution
Occupational exposures
Allergen exposure
Family hx

400

3 s/s of pneumonia

• Cough – Often produces phlegm (mucus), which may be yellow, green, or even blood-tinged
• Fever, sweating, and shaking chills
• Tachypnea/Shortness of breath – Especially during activity or even at rest in severe cases
• Increased work of breathing
• Chest pain – Sharp or stabbing pain that worsens with deep breathing or coughing
• Fatigue – Feeling unusually tired or weak
• Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Loss of appetite
• Adventitious lung sounds
• Dullness to percussion

500

2 nursing considerations for patient with Pneumothorax

Pneumothroax = collapsed lung (air in pleural space)

• Monitor VS and respiratory status
• Administer oxygen
• Prepare for chest tube insertion
• Pain Management
• Support anxiety reduction

B

100

1 Risk associated with long term NSAID use

GI Bleed, ulcers, stomach irritation
AKI
CKD with prolonged use

200

Difference between LABA (Long-acting beta-agonists) and SABA (Short-acting beta2-agonists)  medications with asthma

LABA = long term control / prevention
SABA = Rapid quick relief "rescue" inhaler

• SABAs are for immediate relief—think of them as your “emergency inhaler.”
• LABAs are for prevention and control—they help reduce the number and severity of asthma attacks.

300

What does our body release when experiencing fluid volume deficit such as from vomiting and diarrhea?

ADH (antidiuretic hormone AKA vasopressin)

When your body loses fluid through vomiting or diarrhea, your brain signals the release of ADH. This hormone tells your kidneys to hold on to water instead of letting it leave through urine. This helps your body keep more fluid and maintain your blood pressure.

400

3 risk factors for hypercalcemia

Immobilization
Bone Cancer
Hyperparathyroidism
Medications (lithium, diuretics, antacids)
Dehydration
Chronic Diseases (kidney disease)

500

What condition presents with:

Tachypnea, pink frothy sputum, hypoxia

Pulmonary Edema

C

100

2 Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea

Obesity
Enlarged tonsils/tongue
Large neck
Males
Older Age
DM
Narrowed airway

200

What is orthostatic hypotension?

Blood pressure drop with position changes

300

1 Symptom of GERD and cause

Symptoms:

• Heartburn: A burning sensation in the chest, often after eating or when lying down
• Regurgitation: Sour or bitter-tasting acid backing up into the throat or mouth
• Chest pain (can mimic heart attack symptoms)
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• Sensation of a lump in the throat
• Chronic cough, hoarseness, or sore throat / irritation
• Worsening asthma or breathing issues at night
• Bad breath and tooth enamel erosion from acid exposure

Cause:

• Hiatal hernia: Part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm
• Obesity: Increases abdominal pressure
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus
• Smoking: Weakens the LES
• Certain foods and drinks: Fatty foods, chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, citrus, and spicy foods
• Large meals or eating late at night
• Medications: NSAIDs, aspirin, certain blood pressure and osteoporosis drugs 

400

3 Risk factors for hyperkalemia

Renal insufficiency (CKD/AKI)
Diabetes Mellitus
Heart Failure
Medications
High potassium diet
Liver cirrhosis
Chronic constipation

500

Primary function of the kidneys

filtering waste from the blood