Vocab
The idea that a ruler or government has absolute power and authority.
What is absolutism?
This ancient Greek physician is known as the “Father of Medicine”. He argued that all diseases had natural causes.
Who was Hippocrates?
A historical title given to the era of European history between the 17th and 18th centuries. Its name reveals biases of the time that they viewed people from the past as being “backwards” and “superstitious”.
What is the Age of Reason?
This king of the Stuart dynasty was executed after losing the English Civil War.
Who was Charles I?
The study of the human body.
What is anatomy?
An economic system that encourages exports and discourages imports.
What is Mercantilism?
The theory that the earth is at the center of the universe and that the sun revolves around the earth.
What is geocentricism?
This Enlightenment thinker argued that only mathematics led towards absolute truth.
Who was Renes Descartes?
This event saw James II lose the royal throne of England and be replace by his daughter Mary and her husband William. It is remembered famously for its lack of violence.
What was the Glorious Revolution?
This European nation ruled successfully without royal power.
What was the Dutch Republic?
Belief that institutions (government, schools) should not be influenced by religion or religious beliefs; argues that society should be free from religion.
What is secularism?
The theory that the sun is at the center of the universe and that the earth revolves around the sun.
What is heliocentrism?
This enlightenment thinker believed that Christianity and the Bible limited human liberty. Thus, they argued that society should be secular and not religious.
Who was Benedict de Spinoza?
To become the king and queen of England, William and Mary were asked to sign this document to limit royal power and ensure English Protestants rights.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
The other fancier name for the English Civil War between Scotland, England, and Ireland.
What is the War of Three Kingdoms?
The idea that truth can be discovered through human reason.
What is rationalism?
The way in which scientists create a hypothesis and use experimentation and observation to either prove or disprove their theory.
What is the scientific method?
The main thing viewed as the source of authority and truth by rationalists.
What is reason?
The title of the English government while it was ruled by Oliver Cromwell.
What is the Protectorate?
This Enlightenment thinker argued in favor of natural rights – the idea that mankind was granted liberty by God.
Who was John Locke?
The idea that knowledge and truth is gained from evidence gathered through experience.
What is empiricism?
Known as the “Father of Modern Chemistry”, this individual is believed to have created the first know list of elements as well as the metric system.
Who was Antoine Lavoisier?
This Enlightenment thinker argued against rationalism and argued in favor of empiricism.
Who was John Locke?
The Bishops’ War broke out between England and Scotland when Charles I attempted to force the Scottish church to use this.
What was the Anglican prayer book?
This absolutist European monarch served as an inspiration for other kings and queens of Europe.
Who was king Louis XIV?