Pumping iron
Arthritis that affects only one joint is given this name
What is monoarticular?
Ex. Trauma, AVN, Osteoarthritis (can also be polyarticular)
This is an infection of the synovial membrane, in which a purulent effusion can be extracted
What is septic arthritis?
Most common causative agents:
Adults -> S. aureus
Children -> H. influenzae
This is the most common route of entry seen in septic arthritis
What is hematogenous spread?
Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of these two diseases
What are gas gangrene and food poisoning?
This type of microscopy is how the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi can be visualized
What is dark field microscopy?
What is transferrin saturation?
It can be formally diagnosed with genetic testing, liver biopsy, or a response to phlebotomy
This is the most common issue seen in the late stage of lyme disease
What is arthritis?
In one or a few joints
Paravertebral soft tissue masses may be seen in this spine infection
What is tuberculous spondylitis (Pott's disease)?
In anaerobic cellulitis, this tissue is not invaded by the causative organism
What is muscle tissue?
This is the most common route of transmission for Pasteurella multocida
What is a cat/dog bite?
Licks are occasional
These 2 risk factors for AVN are linked to more than 80% of nontraumatic cases
What are glucocorticoids and excessive alcohol intake?
A triad of tenosynovitis, dermatitis, and polyarthralgias without purulent arthritis is one of the two typical presentations of this disease
What is disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI)?
The other typical presentation is purulent arthritis without associated skin lesions
Tenosynovitis is very unique to DGI and not usual to many other forms of infectious arthritis
In this spine infection, ESR and CRP will be elevated but WBC count will be normal
What is discitis?
This exotoxin is produced by all 5 types of C. perfringens and causes massive hemolysis
What is alpha toxin?
A lecithinase (phospholipase C) that lyses erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells.
This is the name of the red, circular lesion with a clear
center that appears at the site of the tick bite
What is Erythema migrans?
If osteoarthritis is found in the two joints, search for a secondary cause, like evidence of a systemic or crystalline disease, due to how rare it is
What are the elbow and ankle?
This is the most likely causative agent for IV drug use septic arthritis
What is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
MRSA is on the rise
This is the most common predisposing condition related to discitis
What is diabetes mellitus?
Age range: children and adults over 50
Colonies of C. perfringens produce this pattern on blood agar
What is a double zone pattern?
Inner (partial) zone from alpha toxin
Outer zone (complete) from perfringolysin O
There are 4 main virulence factors of Pasteurella multocida, name 2
Polysaccharide capsule (antiphagocytic factor), LPS, Iron acquisition proteins, and P. multocida toxin
This clinical presentation can be used to differentiate hereditary hemochromatosis from rheumatoid arthritis
What is the lack of ulnar deviation?
Ulnar deviation seen in RA, not HH
In early disseminated lyme disease, problems in these two systems may arise
What are the heart and nervous system?
Keratoderma blennorrhagica, circinate balanitis, and conjunctivitis are all extra-articular manifestations of this disease
What is reactive arthritis?
This medium is particularly useful for detecting lecithinase produced by bacteria
What is an egg yolk agar?
These 4 north Atlantic states are where lyme disease is most prevalent
What are New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey