Anatomy & Biomechanics
What is the angle of the costal facets of T2-T11?
60 degrees
What is the Rotator Cuff CPR?
Age > 60
Painful arc
Drop arm
Infraspinatus ER Test
What is a normal Kyphotic curve?
20-40 degrees
What does TUBS and AMBRII Stand For?
Traumatic, unilateral, bankhart, surgery.
Atraumatic, multidirectional, bilateral, rehab, inferior capsular shift, rotator interval
ER > ABD > IR
What is the Thoracic Rule of 3's?
T1-3: Spinous process is same level as transverse
T4-6: Spinous Process is 1/2 level below transverse
T7-9: Spinous process is 1 level below transverse
T10-12: Spinous process is same level as transverse
What are the Supra/Infraspinatus Tests?
Drop arm, empty can, ER Lag, Resisted ER
What are Osteoporosis Non-Modifiable Risk Factors?
Age, Gender (Female), Race (Asian/White), Low BMI, Low hormone, Diseases/Medications
Regular: Compression fx of posteriosuperior humeral head
Reverse: Compression fx of anteriomedial humeral head
What are the 3 Structures that can be Compressed Due to Impingement?
Subacromial bursa, Long head biceps tendon, supraspinatus tendon
Explain the Rib Motions
Ribs 1-6: Pump handle
Ribs 7-10: Bucket handle
Ribs 11-12: Calipers
What is the Park SAPS Cluster?
Painful arc, Hawkins-Kennedy, Resisted ER
What are Risk Factors of Adolescent Scoliosis?
8-15 years old, Hereditary, Girls, Ectomorphic, hypermobility, respiratory discord
What are the 4 Types of SLAP Lesions? Which Type is Most Common?
Type 1: Fraying/degeneration with normal bicep tendon.
Type 2: Labrum & Bicep tendon detached (Most Common)
Type 3: Bucket Handle
Type 4: Type 3 extended to the biceps tendon
What are the Different Sizes of Rotator Cuff Tears?
Small: <1cm
Medium: 1-3 cm
Large: 3-5 cm
Massive: >5 cm
What are the Static Stabilizers of the Shoulder
Anterior capsulolabral ligaments: anterior GH lig, Anterior labrum, glenoid fossa, Subscapular tendinous unit.
Posterior capsulolabral ligaments: Posterior labrum, glenoid fossa, posterior capsule
What is the AC Joint Cluster? How many need to be positive?
Cross over, resisted AC Joint Extension, O'Briens.
2 tests positive
What is the Difference Between Pathologic and Non-Pathologic Scoliosis?
Pathologic: Adolescents curve in thoracic spine and opposite curve in lumbar spine.
Non-pathologic: Thoracic curve, pelvis pushes opposite way
What are the Most Common MOI for Traumatic Posterior Instability?
Seizures, MVA, Fall from height
What are the Normal ROM Measurements for Shoulder Flexion, Extension, Abduction, ER, IR?
Flexion: 180
Extension: 30
Abduction: 180
ER: 90
IR: 60
Explain the 2 Phases of Shoulder Elevation
Phase 1: 0-30 supraspinatus, 30-90 (30 GH, 30 scapula SC>AC)
Phase 2: 90-180 (60 GH, 30 scapula)
What are the GH Instability Tests? What structures do each test for?
Rockwood (GHL)
Apprehension/Relocation (Anterior Capsule)
Push/Pull (Posterior Capsule)
Sulcus (Superior capsule, inferior instability)
Jerk (Posterior Capsule)
Anterior Load/Shift (Anterior Capsule)
What are the 4 Goals of Scoliosis Conservative Treatment?
Stop or Reduce Curve progression.
Prevent/Treat Respiratory Dysfunction
Prevent/Treat Spinal pain
Improve aesthetics via postural correction
What are Common Signs/Symptoms of SLAP Lesions?
Popping or clicking in shoulder, heavy feeling of arm, biceps symptoms/pain, chronic overhead movements
Explain the Difference Between a Bankart Tear and a Bony Bankart
Bankart Tear: Anterior/Inferior pulling away of labrum from glenoid.
Bony Bankart: Fracture of glenoid rim